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A '''ba''' {{kana|場}} or '''wind round''' is a complete round of play, where each player is the [[oya|dealer]] at least once barring any premature [[End game scenarios|end game conditions]]. Each round of play is associated with a single cardinal direction and its corresponding [[bakaze|wind tile]]. For the remainder of this article, the term ''round'' will refer to a wind round, although it is sometimes used to mean [[kyoku]] instead.
A '''ba''' {{kana|場}} or '''wind round''' is a group of [[kyoku]] ("hands"/"rounds") where each player gets 1 chance to be the [[oya|dealer]] (barring a [[End game scenarios|premature game end]]). Each wind round is associated with a single cardinal direction and its corresponding [[wind]] tile. For the remainder of this article, the term ''round'' will refer to a wind round, although it is sometimes used to mean [[kyoku]] instead.


Normally, a match is played for an agreed-upon number of rounds. Traditionally, this was four rounds (an [[iichan]] {{kana|一荘}}), one for each wind. This is still common in Chinese variants. In modern Japanese play, a match is normally played for two rounds (a [[hanchan]] {{kana|半荘}}) or sometimes for only one round (a [[tonpuusen]] {{kana|東風戦}}). Some rules sets allow the match to extend into additional wind rounds if no player has met the [[goal score]].
Usually, a match is played for a set number of rounds.  
* A [[hanchan]] {{kana|半荘}} lasts for 2 rounds - east and south. In modern Japanese play, this is the normal game length.
* A [[tonpuusen]] {{kana|東風戦}} lasts for 1 round - east.
* An iichan {{kana|一荘}} lasts for 4 rounds - east, south, west, north. It's rare for a game of Japanese mahjong to be played this long, but is considered the "traditional" game length.


The first round in a match is always associated with east, and subsequent rounds follow in the standard mahjong order of south, west, and then north. Consequently, a tonpuusen consists of an east round only, and a hanchan is an east round and a south round. In exceedingly rare rulesets which allow the game to continue beyond four rounds, the rounds would repeat so that the fifth round would be east, the sixth south, and so on.
Some rules sets allow the match to extend into additional wind rounds if no player has met the [[goal score]].


The major difference in the play rules between each of the rounds is that the round wind is a more valuable tile and can be used by any player to score the [[yakuhai]] [[yaku]]. Additionally, the conditions under which the match ends may vary depending on the round, with additional rounds usually having a form of sudden-death rule.
The first round in a match is always associated with east, and subsequent rounds follow in the standard player order of south, west, and then north. In a ruleset which allows the game to continue beyond four rounds, the rounds would repeat so that the fifth round would be east, the sixth south, and so on.


== Hand designations ==
The major difference in gameplay between each round is the '''[[round wind]]''' tile: the wind tile that matches the current round is more valuable, as it can be used by any player to score the [[yakuhai]] [[yaku]]. Also, if the match is extended past its predetermined round length, the game usually enters a "[[enchousen|sudden death]]" mode, where the round ends as soon as the goal score is met.
{{main|Kyoku}}
 
Every hand in the game has a designation, and it is attached to the wind round.


== Deal rotation ==
== Dealer rotation ==
{{main|Renchan}}
{{main|Renchan}}


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When the deal rotates to the fourth time, back to the player who was originally the dealer, the round ends and either the game is over or a new round begins.
When the deal rotates to the fourth time, back to the player who was originally the dealer, the round ends and either the game is over or a new round begins.


== Game length ==
=== Round/Hand organization ===
{{main|Tonpuusen|Hanchan}}
{{main|Kyoku}}
 
Each hand is organized by the round wind, then a number indicating which player is the dealer. For example, East 1 is the first dealer's turn in the first round. East 2 is the second dealer's turn in the first round.


The total game length is dependent on the number of game rounds used and the rules pertaining to the end of games.
Each time the dealer repeats, the round gains an extra honba. So East 1, Honba 1 would be the second hand of the first dealer in the first round.


=== Additional rounds ===
=== Additional rounds ===
Hordes
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