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List of terminology by alphabetical order: Difference between revisions

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List of terminology by alphabetical order (view source)

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Naturally, the featured game is [[Japanese mahjong]].  Therefore, a multitude number of Japanese mahjong [[terminology]] and other general Japanese words are used. The following list includes the Japanese terminology, English equivalent, and the terminology usage. None of the [[yaku]] are listed here.  Instead, they have their own [[List of yaku|yaku list]].
As this wiki discusses Japanese mahjong, Japanese [[terminology|terms]] are used frequently. The following list includes the Japanese terms, the English equivalent, and its definition. None of the [[yaku]] are listed here; they can be seen in the [[List of yaku]].


For adding new words, use the [[template:term list|Term list template]].
For adding new words, use the [[template:term list|Term list template]].


==Terminology list==
==Terminology list==
===A===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Agari]]
|Romaji=[[Agari]]
Line 20: Line 21:
| Kanji      = 和了り止め
| Kanji      = 和了り止め
| English    =
| English    =
| Explanation = An end game condition that allows the last dealer to declare the end of the game, when in possession of the first place position.
| Explanation =Rule that allows a dealer to end the game in [[all last]] (even if they won, which would normally trigger [[renchan]]).
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Aidayonken]]
|Romaji=[[Aida yon ken]]
|Kanji=間四軒
|Kanji=間四軒
|English=Four in between
|English=Four in between
|Explanation=An interval of four between two discarded number tiles. Usually indicates dangerous waits. A discarded 1 and 6 make a 2—5 wait very probable.
|Explanation=When two 5-away number tiles are discarded (forming a 4-wide gap), the non-[[suji]] tiles inside become more dangerous. E.g., a discarded 1 and 6 make a 2—5 wait probable.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Dora|Akapai]]
|Romaji=[[Akadora|Akapai]]
|Kanji=赤牌
|Kanji=赤牌
|English=Red dora
|English=Red dora
|Explanation=Red tiles that count as Dora. Usually fives, but not always.
|Explanation=Red tiles; each tile in hand counts as a dora. Usually fives, but not always.  
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 38: Line 39:
|Kanji=暗
|Kanji=暗
|English=Closed, concealed
|English=Closed, concealed
|Explanation=Means "dark", refers to tiles that are concealed in the hand.
|Explanation=Meaning "dark", refers to tiles that are concealed in the hand.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 62: Line 63:
|Kanji=安牌
|Kanji=安牌
|English=Safe tile
|English=Safe tile
|Explanation=Safe tile, or tiles not subject to ''agari'' (to be called as winning tiles).
|Explanation=Safe tile; a tile that cannot be used for an opponent's [[ron]] (cannot be used to let an opponent win).
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 68: Line 69:
|Kanji=青天井
|Kanji=青天井
|English=No capping
|English=No capping
|Explanation=A rarely used rule, which eliminates the score cappings ''mangan'', ''haneman'', etc., and scores all hands as directly with the [[Scoring|scoring formula]].
|Explanation=A rarely used rule. It eliminates the ''mangan'' and ''yakuman'' limits, meaning every han will double your score indefinitely.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 83: Line 84:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[jantou|Atama ]]
|Romaji=[[jantou|Atama]]
|Kanji=頭
|Kanji=頭
|English=Pair, eye, head
|English=Pair, eye, head
Line 92: Line 93:
|Kanji=頭跳ね
|Kanji=頭跳ね
|English=Head bump
|English=Head bump
|Explanation=A rule that allows only one Ron at a time; the closest to the discarder in turn order takes priority.
|Explanation=A rule that allows only one ron at a time; the closest to the discarder in turn order takes priority.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 106: Line 107:
|Explanation=Discarding the same tile as someone else, to avoid dealing into their hand.
|Explanation=Discarding the same tile as someone else, to avoid dealing into their hand.
}}
}}
===B===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Ba]]
|Romaji=[[Ba]]
Line 154: Line 156:
|Explanation=A strategy that focuses entirely on avoiding dealing into opponents’ hands, with no intention of developing one’s own hand.
|Explanation=A strategy that focuses entirely on avoiding dealing into opponents’ hands, with no intention of developing one’s own hand.
}}
}}
===C===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Kan#Shouminkan|Chakan]]
|Romaji=[[Kan#Shouminkan|Chakan]]
Line 168: Line 171:
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Chombo]]
|Romaji=[[Chombo]]
|Kanji=冲合
|Kanji=冲合,錯和
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=A penalty, applied to particularly unacceptable mahjong plays, such as winning with an invalid hand or destroying the wall.  Typically, the penalty results in a [[Scoring|mangan]] payment to all players and restarts the current round.  Otherwise, penalty values may be subject to [[Rule variations|variation]].
|Explanation=A penalty, applied to particularly unacceptable mahjong plays, such as winning with an invalid hand or destroying the wall.  Typically, the penalty results in a [[Scoring|mangan]] payment to all players and restarts the current round.  Otherwise, penalty values may be subject to [[Rule variations|variation]].
Line 184: Line 187:
| Explanation =The tiles in the zone numbered from 2 through 8. See tanyao for related yaku. Opposite of "yaochuuhai".
| Explanation =The tiles in the zone numbered from 2 through 8. See tanyao for related yaku. Opposite of "yaochuuhai".
}}
}}
===D===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Naki|Daburon]]
|Romaji=[[Naki|Daburon]]
Line 220: Line 224:
|Explanation=The flipped tile on the dead wall, indicating the dora.
|Explanation=The flipped tile on the dead wall, indicating the dora.
}}
}}
===E===
{{Term list
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Enchousen]]
| Romaji      = [[Enchousen]]
Line 226: Line 231:
| Explanation = Extra game round, in the event where no player scores more than the target points at the end of a [[hanchan|normal game]].
| Explanation = Extra game round, in the event where no player scores more than the target points at the end of a [[hanchan|normal game]].
}}
}}
===F===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Fu]]
|Romaji=[[Fu]]
Line 256: Line 262:
|Explanation=The 20 base Fu used when calculating score, given by default rather than from composition.
|Explanation=The 20 base Fu used when calculating score, given by default rather than from composition.
}}
}}
===G===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Genbutsu]]
|Romaji=[[Genbutsu]]
Line 286: Line 293:
| Explanation = Refers to a situation, where a player passes up another player in points, at the end of the game.
| Explanation = Refers to a situation, where a player passes up another player in points, at the end of the game.
}}
}}
===H===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Haipai]]
|Romaji=[[Haipai]]
Line 358: Line 366:
|Explanation=The very last discarded tile for a hand, which may not subject to any tile calls other than "ron".
|Explanation=The very last discarded tile for a hand, which may not subject to any tile calls other than "ron".
}}
}}
===I===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Hanchan|Iichan]]
|Romaji=[[Hanchan|Iichan]]
Line 376: Line 385:
|Explanation=Cheating by manipulating devices integral to the game (autodealer, game client) or outside it (cameras, telegraphs, radio).
|Explanation=Cheating by manipulating devices integral to the game (autodealer, game client) or outside it (cameras, telegraphs, radio).
}}
}}
===J===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Jansou]]
|Romaji=[[Jansou]]
Line 412: Line 423:
|Explanation=The turn number within a round.
|Explanation=The turn number within a round.
}}
}}
===K===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Kabe]]
|Romaji=[[Kabe]]
Line 444: Line 456:
{{Term list
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Suji|Kata suji]]
| Romaji      = [[Suji|Kata suji]]
| Kanji      =  
| Kanji      = 片筋
| English    = Half suji
| English    = Half suji
| Explanation = An outer tile along a suji interval.
| Explanation = An outer tile along a suji interval.
Line 536: Line 548:
|Kanji=局
|Kanji=局
|English=Round, Hand session
|English=Round, Hand session
|Explanation=A portion of the game, starting from the dealing of tiles and ends with the declaration of a win, [[Tochuu ryuukyoku|aborted hand]], or [[ryuukyoku|draw]]. Examples: East Round 1. South Round 2.
|Explanation=A portion of the game, starting from the dealing of tiles and ends with the declaration of a win, [[Tochuu ryuukyoku|aborted hand]], or [[ryuukyoku|draw]]. Examples: East 1, Honba 0. South 2, Honba 1.
}}
}}
===M===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Machi]]
|Romaji=[[Machi]]
Line 557: Line 570:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Mawashiuchi]]
|Romaji=[[Mawashi uchi]]
|Kanji=回し打ち
|Kanji=回し打ち
|English=Avoidance play
|English=Avoidance play
Line 609: Line 622:
| English    = Let free
| English    = Let free
| Explanation = The act of declining a winning tile.
| Explanation = The act of declining a winning tile.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = Mochi-mochi
| Kanji      =
| English    = Locked pairs
| Explanation = When two players mutually hold the same tile pairs, rendering the ability to upgrade them to triplets difficult or impossible.
}}
}}
{{Term list
{{Term list
Line 616: Line 635:
| Explanation = The act of reading a tile by touch, instead of looking at the tile.
| Explanation = The act of reading a tile by touch, instead of looking at the tile.
}}
}}
===N===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Suji|Naka suji]]
|Romaji=[[Suji|Naka suji]]
|Kanji=
|Kanji=中筋
|English= Middle suji
|English= Middle suji
|Explanation= The center number along a suji interval.
|Explanation= The center number along a suji interval.
Line 657: Line 678:
| Kanji      = ノミ
| Kanji      = ノミ
| English    = Only
| English    = Only
| Explanation = A term referring to a hand containing just a single [[yaku]] and no dora. The term is not applicable to [[nagashi mangan]] or [[yakuman]].
| Explanation = A hand with a single [[yaku]] and no dora, such as [[riichi]] nomi meaning riichi only. Not used for [[nagashi mangan]] or [[yakuman]].
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 677: Line 698:
|Explanation=A tile that counts as Dora when extracted from the hand, e.g. flower tiles or the Pei (North) in most three-player variants.
|Explanation=A tile that counts as Dora when extracted from the hand, e.g. flower tiles or the Pei (North) in most three-player variants.
}}
}}
===O===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Occult|Okaruto]]
|Romaji=[[Occult|Okaruto]]
Line 725: Line 747:
|Explanation=The dealer position, seated east
|Explanation=The dealer position, seated east
}}
}}
===P===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Pai
|Romaji=Pai
Line 761: Line 784:
|Explanation=A tile call used to make a [[Mentsu|minkou]] from an opponent’s discard.
|Explanation=A tile call used to make a [[Mentsu|minkou]] from an opponent’s discard.
}}
}}
===R===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Renchan]]
|Romaji=[[Renchan]]
Line 815: Line 839:
|Explanation=The end of the hand, where every tile not in players' hands and the [[dead wall]] has been drawn and discarded; and no winning hand was determined.
|Explanation=The end of the hand, where every tile not in players' hands and the [[dead wall]] has been drawn and discarded; and no winning hand was determined.
}}
}}
===S===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Saikoro
|Romaji=Saikoro
Line 946: Line 971:
|English=Tile interval
|English=Tile interval
|Explanation=The tiles that complete [[ryanmen]] (open waits).  Means “muscle”.
|Explanation=The tiles that complete [[ryanmen]] (open waits).  Means “muscle”.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Suji|Suji toitsu]]
| Kanji      =
| English    = Interval pairs
| Explanation = A pattern of two pairs in the hand, where the tiles are suji to each other
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 958: Line 989:
|English=To discard
|English=To discard
|Explanation=To discard a tile.
|Explanation=To discard a tile.
}}
}}
 
===T===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Taahai
|Romaji=Taahai
Line 968: Line 1,001:
|Romaji=[[Taatsu]]
|Romaji=[[Taatsu]]
|Kanji=塔子
|Kanji=塔子
|English=Protogroup
|English=Proto-sequence
|Explanation=Any tile pair that can be turned into a tile group, or [[Mentsu|shuntsu]], with one more tile. For example, 46 can be completed with a 5.
|Explanation=Any two tiles that can be turned into a sequence ([[shuntsu]]) with one more tile. For example, 46 can be completed with a 5.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 1,042: Line 1,075:
|English=East
|English=East
|Explanation=East wind tile.
|Explanation=East wind tile.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Tonnansen]]
|Kanji=東南戦
|English=Full East-South game
|Explanation=A game consisting of an East and South round. An alternative term for a [[hanchan]].
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Tonpuusen]]
|Romaji=[[Tonpuusen]]
|Kanji=東風戦
|Kanji=東風戦
|English=East only round
|English=East-only game
|Explanation=A game consisting of an East only round.
|Explanation=A game consisting only of an East round.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 1,061: Line 1,100:
|Explanation=Discarding the tile that was just drawn. Opposite of ''tedashi''.
|Explanation=Discarding the tile that was just drawn. Opposite of ''tedashi''.
}}
}}
===U===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Ukeire]]
|Romaji=[[Ukeire]]
Line 1,081: Line 1,122:
{{Term list
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Urasuji]]
| Romaji      = [[Urasuji]]
| Kanji      = 裏
| Kanji      = 裏筋
| English    = Back vein
| English    = Back vein
| Explanation = The discarded tile that lies just outside of a dangerous wait, one count higher (or lower) and represent a kanchan wait being upgraded to a ryanmen one
| Explanation = The discarded tile that lies just outside of a dangerous wait, one count higher (or lower) and represent a kanchan wait being upgraded to a ryanmen one
}}
}}
===W===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Wanpai]]
|Romaji=[[Wanpai]]
Line 1,097: Line 1,139:
|Explanation=A rule that doubles any payment involving the player whose wall was broken at the start of the hand.
|Explanation=A rule that doubles any payment involving the player whose wall was broken at the start of the hand.
}}
}}
===Y===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Yakitori]]
|Romaji=[[Yakitori]]
Line 1,151: Line 1,194:
|Explanation=The specific tile(s) in a [[machi|multiple wait]] that would produce the least points.  Oppose of ''takame''.
|Explanation=The specific tile(s) in a [[machi|multiple wait]] that would produce the least points.  Oppose of ''takame''.
}}
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = Yuukouhai
| Kanji      =
| English    =
| Explanation = Tiles that makes hands close to winning.
}}
===Z===
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Zentsuppa
|Romaji=Zentsuppa
Nico
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edits

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