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Tenpai: Difference between revisions
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'''Tenpai''' {{kana| | '''Tenpai''' {{kana|聴牌}} is also referred to as the "ready hand". It progressed from [[Iishanten|1-shanten]] to effectively 0-shanten. A hand is tenpai or "ready" when only one more tile is needed to complete the hand. The completion may be either done by draw and/or discard, where applicable. Tenpai does not require that the completed hand has a [[Yaku|yaku]], although both a completed hand and a yaku are necessary to win. Having achieving tenpai is worth some points when a hand ends in [[ryuukyoku]]. | ||
The direct opposite of tenpai is '''noten''' {{kana| | The direct opposite of tenpai is '''noten''' {{kana|ノー聴}}. This word is a contraction of the English '''not tenpai'''. A hand in this state absolutely has no chance of winning upon the immediate draw or discard. Instead, it relies on further tile draws and discards to attain the state of tenpai. | ||
Overall, the recognition of a tenpai hand is one of the most important concepts of the game. Without this recognition, then a player lacks the ability to make the best decisions on which tiles to [[tile efficiency|best discard]]. | Overall, the recognition of a tenpai hand is one of the most important concepts of the game. Without this recognition, then a player lacks the ability to make the best decisions on which tiles to [[tile efficiency|best discard]]. | ||
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{{main|Karaten}} | {{main|Karaten}} | ||
[[Image:Dead Wait.png|thumb|right|250px|Example of a karaten riichi, with all waiting tiles circled in red.]] | [[Image:Dead Wait.png|thumb|right|250px|Example of a karaten riichi, with all waiting tiles circled in red.]] | ||
'''Karaten''' {{kana| | '''Karaten''' {{kana|空聴}}, or '''empty tenpai''', is a state where a [[tenpai]] hand does not have the ability to win. This is due to unavailability of all instances of winning tiles. The "visible tiles" may either be discarded, used as a dora indicator, or already exist in one's hand. Furthermore, they may be held in other player's hands or even reside within the dead wall. However, the latter case is beyond a player's visibility. | ||
==Keishiki tenpai== | ==Keishiki tenpai== | ||
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{{main|Naki}} | {{main|Naki}} | ||
'''Agari''' {{kana| | '''Agari''' {{kana|和了}} is the general call for a winning hand. Two types of winning calls are more commonly used, depending on the source of the tile: | ||
* [[Ron]] - wins on discarded tiles | * [[Ron]] - wins on discarded tiles | ||
* [[Tsumo]] - wins on self-drawn tiles | * [[Tsumo]] - wins on self-drawn tiles | ||
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== Iishanten == | == Iishanten == | ||
{{main|Shanten}} | {{main|Shanten}} | ||
'''Iishanten''', or 1-shanten, is the state of the hand before attaining tenpai. While tenpai is 1-tile away from winning the hand, iishanten is 1-tile away from attaining tenpai. | '''Iishanten''' {{kana|一向聴}}, or 1-shanten, is the state of the hand before attaining tenpai. While tenpai is 1-tile away from winning the hand, iishanten is 1-tile away from attaining tenpai. | ||
With regards to tenpai, this may be a critical juncture to the hand as, in order to attain tenpai, the player must discard a particular tile. Ideally, that tile should be a [[genbutsu|safe tile]]. Likewise, it may also be a point where the player needs to decide upon [[riichi]] or utilize [[damaten]] (or hidden tenpai). Regardless, when the hand is at iishanten, a player must be ready to anticipate these kinds of decisions, when tenpai does occur. | With regards to tenpai, this may be a critical juncture to the hand as, in order to attain tenpai, the player must discard a particular tile. Ideally, that tile should be a [[genbutsu|safe tile]]. Likewise, it may also be a point where the player needs to decide upon [[riichi]] or utilize [[damaten]] (or hidden tenpai). Regardless, when the hand is at iishanten, a player must be ready to anticipate these kinds of decisions, when tenpai does occur. | ||