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Furiten (view source)

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Furiten is most often caused by discards: if a player had previously discarded a tile that their hand could now win with, it enters furiten. A hand may also enter furiten when a player skips a win.  
Furiten is most often caused by discards: if a player had previously discarded a tile that their hand could now win with, it enters furiten. A hand may also enter furiten when a player skips a win.  


This rule is often used for [[defense]] purposes to determine [[genbutsu|safe tiles]]: any tile a player discards is 100% safe against that player.
This rule is often used for [[defense]]: any tile a player discards is [[genbutsu|100% safe]] against that player.


== Rule overview ==
== Rule overview ==
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A hand in [[tenpai]] is in furiten in any of the following scenarios:
A hand in [[tenpai]] is in furiten in any of the following scenarios:


* When at least one of the hand's current winning tiles have been discarded by you before, the hand enters furiten. A tile does not have to be in your discard pile to invoke furiten; if an opponent [[naki|called]] your discarded tile, said tile will still trigger furiten.
* When at least one of the hand's current winning tiles have been discarded by you before, the hand enters furiten.
** A tile does not have to be in your discard pile to invoke furiten. If an opponent [[naki|called]] on your discarded tile, said tile will still trigger furiten.
* After declaring [[riichi]], if the first winning tile is skipped, the hand permanently enters furiten.   
* After declaring [[riichi]], if the first winning tile is skipped, the hand permanently enters furiten.   
* When not in riichi, when a winning tile is skipped, the hand enters temporary furiten. This furiten lasts until the player's next draw.
* When not in riichi, when a winning tile is skipped, the hand enters temporary furiten. This furiten lasts until the player's next draw.


A "winning tile" is a tile that could complete the "4 groups + 1 pair" winning shape, even if the hand couldn't actually win because it would lack yaku. (Tiles that could complete [[chiitoitsu|7 pairs]] or [[13 orphans]] are also considered winning tiles.)
A "winning tile" is a tile that could complete the "4 groups + 1 pair" winning shape, even if the hand couldn't actually win because it would lack yaku. (Tiles that could complete [[chiitoitsu|seven pairs]] or [[thirteen orphans]] also count.)


Note: If a hand is in furiten, it is unable to win off ''any'' player's discard, regardless of which tile caused the furiten. For example, if your hand is waiting to win with 2p and 5p, and you had discarded 2p before, you are unable to win off an opponent's 5p.
Note: If a hand is in furiten, it is unable to win off ''any'' player's discard, regardless of which tile caused the furiten. For example, if your hand is waiting to win with 2p and 5p, and you had discarded 2p before, you are unable to win off an opponent's 5p.
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The most common case of furiten involves a player's own discard. If a player's own winning tile had been discarded before, then their hand enters furiten.
Discard furiten, the most common form of furiten, occurs when a player's own winning tile has been discarded before. A hand can escape this type of furiten by changing its waits.


You can tell what tiles a player discarded by looking at their discard pile, and looking at the rotated tiles in other players' tile calls. This leads to the most basic strategy to avoid dealing into a player's hand: tiles they have already discarded are guaranteed to be safe against a ron call from that player.
Because discard furiten exists, any tile a player has discarded is 100% safe against that player. Even if the player is waiting on that tile, they cannot ron (as they'd be in furiten).


It is important to bear furiten in mind when developing a hand. Frequently, if a hand gets to tenpai and is furiten, the hand was inefficiently developed. This is not always the case, however, as a player can make a correct decision but still be in furiten.
It is important to bear furiten in mind when developing a hand. Frequently, if a hand gets to tenpai and is furiten, it was inefficiently developed. This is not always the case, however, as a player can make a correct decision but still be in furiten.


"[[Atozuke]]" - or when a player is in tenpai, but has no guaranteed yaku - is a common reason for furiten. In these cases, the hand will only gain yaku if it draws a certain winning tile. If a different winning tile is drawn, the hand will have no yaku, and is thus forced to discard its own winning tile - entering furiten. This most commonly occurs with:
"[[Atozuke]]" - or when a player is in tenpai, but has no guaranteed yaku - is a common reason for furiten. In these cases, the hand will only gain yaku if it draws a certain winning tile. If a different winning tile is drawn, the hand will have no yaku, and is thus forced to discard its own winning tile - entering furiten. This most commonly occurs with:
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Finally, a player considering a [[daburu riichi|double riichi]] should carefully inspect their hand before discarding; if they had a complete hand to begin with, then being in furiten will add insult to the injury of having [[http://osamuko.com/delicious-riichi-button-must-click-it/ passed]] on a [[tenhou and chiihou|tenhou or chiihou tsumo]].
Finally, a player considering a [[daburu riichi|double riichi]] should carefully inspect their hand before discarding; if they had a complete hand to begin with, then being in furiten will add insult to the injury of having [[http://osamuko.com/delicious-riichi-button-must-click-it/ passed]] on a [[tenhou and chiihou|tenhou or chiihou tsumo]].
A hand can escape this type of furiten by changing its waits.


'''Example tenpai hand'''
'''Example tenpai hand'''
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=== Temporary furiten ===
=== Temporary furiten ===
[[Image:TempFuriten.png|thumb|right|250px|Ron declined, so [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014022617gm-0089-0000-ee8c6631&tw=2&ts=11 temporary furiten invoked] until the next own's tile draw.]]
[[Image:TempFuriten.png|thumb|right|250px|Ron declined, so [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014022617gm-0089-0000-ee8c6631&tw=2&ts=11 temporary furiten invoked] until the next own's tile draw.]]
Any player in tenpai has the option to ignore a winning tile. By declining a call for ron, the player then becomes temporarily furiten until their next discard. This is called '''temporary furiten''', because it only lasts for 1 turn. This applies to discarded tiles, as well as tiles used to create a [[shouminkan]].


The primary purpose of the rule is to prevent a player from targeting a later player in the turn order. Once a player sees a tile discarded, they know that they can follow with the same tile and it will be safe for that turn.
Calling a win is optional. If a player declines a call for ron, they enter furiten until their next turn. Since it only lasts for one turn, it is called '''temporary furiten'''.
 
The main purpose of this rule is to prevent players from targeting other players. Once a player sees a tile discarded, they know that they can follow with the same tile and it will be safe from anyone that turn.


A player may deliberately skip a win, entering temporary furiten in the process. This is often done after [[situational analysis|point standing analysis]], such as:
A player may deliberately skip a win, entering temporary furiten in the process. This is often done after [[situational analysis|point standing analysis]], such as:
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Temporary furiten can also be entered by a player who does not have a guaranteed yaku, as described above. Otherwise, a player may mistakenly enter furiten if they don't know their waits correctly.
Temporary furiten can also be entered by a player who does not have a guaranteed yaku, as described above. Otherwise, a player may mistakenly enter furiten if they don't know their waits correctly.


Rarely, some rulesets [[Rule variations#Furiten|vary the rules]] by allowing a tile call made by another player to cancel temporary furiten.
In a few [[Rule variations#Furiten|rulesets]], any tile call will cancel other players' temporary furiten.


=== Permanent furiten during riichi ===
=== Permanent furiten during riichi ===
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When a player has declared riichi, the state of temporary furiten does not expire. Therefore, if a riichi hand skips a win, it is no longer able to call ron.
When a player has declared riichi, the state of temporary furiten does not expire. Therefore, if a riichi hand skips a win, it is no longer able to call ron.


This rule prevents a riichi player from "sniping" others, and also makes it easier to defend against a riichi. Any tile discarded after a riichi declaration is safe against that riichi player.
This rule exists to prevent a riichi player from targeting others. With an open or [[dama]] hand, the hand ''could'' change waits on your next turn - this is why temporary furiten lasts until your next turn. A riichi hand cannot change waits, so permanent furiten lasts until the end of the hand. This also makes it easier to defend against a riichi. Any tile discarded after a riichi declaration is safe against that riichi player.


A player in riichi never has to worry about having no yaku unless they are playing with [[ryanhan shibari]]. When ryanhan shibari, a riichi without a guaranteed second yaku may be quite dangerous due to furiten.
A player in riichi never has to worry about having no yaku unless they are playing with [[ryanhan shibari]]. When ryanhan shibari, a riichi without a guaranteed second yaku may be quite dangerous due to furiten.
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