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[[Image:Furiten.png|right|thumb|250px|[http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2012110112gm-0009-7447-14ec5c8d&tw=0&ts=4 Baiman tenpai], in furiten due to 9-sou in discard.  Ron cannot be called here.]]
[[Image:Furiten.png|right|thumb|250px|[http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2012110112gm-0009-7447-14ec5c8d&tw=0&ts=4 Baiman tenpai], in furiten due to 9-sou in discard.  Ron cannot be called here.]]
'''Furiten''' {{kana|振聴}} is a restriction applied to winning hands.  The player loses the ability to declare [[ron]] because of at least one winning tile in the discards. The hand in [[Tenpai|tenpai]] is furiten if any of that player's winning tiles are present in one's own discard pile which includes [[Naki|called tiles]], or another player's discard pile during a turn or after its own riichi.  Furiten hands are still winnable via [[tsumo|self-draw]].  A call of ron while furiten is penalized by [[chombo]], though computer games are programmed to prevent the player from declaring such a win.
'''Furiten''' {{kana|振聴}} is a restriction applied to [[tenpai]] hands.  While in furiten, the player loses the ability to declare a win on a player's [[ron|discard]] (ron).  Any hand in a tenpai state has a set of possible tile(s) for winning.  Primarily, the hand is marked as furiten, if any tile in that set is in the player's own discard.  This includes any [[Naki|called tiles]].  Other cases involving riichi and temporary furiten are also applicable.  Regardless, the hand can still win by [[tsumo|self-draw]] (tsumo) given valid [[yaku]].


In all cases, the furiten rule requires a player to be aware of all of their [[machi|tile waits]]. Furiten applies to all waiting tiles, even that to a [[Kokushi|thirteen sided kokushi musou]]. If a player is [[tenpai]] but does not realize all of their possible waits, then the lack of awareness may lead to an illegal win. This is especially true of a player who has called [[riichi]] and end up passing on a winning tile.
This rule is often used for [[defense]] purpose to determine [[Genbutsu|safe tiles]]. Tiles with the furiten rule can infer via [[suji]] and [[kabe]].  Though this may not be guaranteed barring the shape of player hands.
 
To enforce furiten, the [[discard pile]] is specifically arranged in front of players and [[Naki|tile calls]] are still noted as part of discard piles as turned tiles. The discard arrangements allow players to keep track of who discarded which tiles.  During a hand, players should take note of their status in relation to furiten and avoid calling winning hands while in furiten.  Likewise, any calls for winning hands should have the discards checked for furiten.  Any game involving software already checks for furiten, alerts players, and denies winning calls.
 
Furiten is translated as '''sacred discard''' in Chinese.  In consequence, English terminology had made this the equivalent.  However, this translation bears no relation to the Japanese term ({{kana|振り聴牌}}: thrown-away tenpai).


== Rule statement ==
== Rule statement ==
A hand in tenpai is in furiten in any of the following scenarios:
A hand in tenpai is in furiten in any of the following scenarios:


* At least one winning tile is in one's own discard pile.
* At least one winning tile is in one's own discard pile.
* The hand is declared [[riichi]] and a winning tile is not claimed.
* The hand is declared [[riichi]] and a winning tile is not claimed.
* If the hand is not declared riichi, another player dicards a tile, and the winning tile is not claimed, then it can be in temporary furiten until the next turn.


While in furiten, the hand is unable to call ron upon a discard.  However, it is still winnable via self-draw, assuming the hand has valid yaku.
While in furiten, the hand is unable to call ron upon a discard.  However, it is still winnable via self-draw, assuming the hand has valid yaku.


=== Own discard furiten ===
=== Common case ===


{{Discard pile
{{Discard pile
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}}
}}


When a player is in furiten because of their own discard, it is sometimes called '''permanent furiten'''. This name is slightly misleading because a player can (unless they have declared riichi) change their waits to avoid this form of furiten.
The most common case of furiten involves a player's own discard. If a winning tile is in a player's discard, then the hand is in furiten.


All of a player's discards can be checked at any time during play, by looking at their discard pools and the rotated tiles in other players' tile calls. This leads to the most basic strategy to avoid dealing into a player's hand: tiles they have already discarded are guaranteed safe against a ron call from that player.
All of a player's discards can be checked at any time during play, by looking at their discard pools and the rotated tiles in other players' tile calls. This leads to the most basic strategy to avoid dealing into a player's hand: tiles they have already discarded are guaranteed safe against a ron call from that player.
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Sometimes, it may be necessary to deliberately place the hand in furiten.  Often, this is the result of developing the hand and defending simultaneously.  To escape the bind applied by furiten, then the hand's [[machi|tile wait(s)]] must simply change by adjusting and changing the tiles in the hand with subsequent tile draws.  Of course, a player may place greater expectation on tsumo to win rather than ron.
Sometimes, it may be necessary to deliberately place the hand in furiten.  Often, this is the result of developing the hand and defending simultaneously.  To escape the bind applied by furiten, then the hand's [[machi|tile wait(s)]] must simply change by adjusting and changing the tiles in the hand with subsequent tile draws.  Of course, a player may place greater expectation on tsumo to win rather than ron.
On rare occasions, a player may hold a tenpai hand with [[damaten]].  The hand may invoke [[riichi]], but the player had chosen not to for some reason.  Eventually, a winning tile may arrive; and instead of declaring a win, the player opts to call riichi.  That instantly puts the hand in furiten opting to win by tsumo later.


=== Furiten tsumo ===
=== Furiten tsumo ===
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