List of terminology by alphabetical order: Difference between revisions

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List of terminology by alphabetical order (view source)

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Naturally, the featured game is [[Japanese mahjong]].  Therefore, a multitude number of Japanese [[terminology]] are used.  The following list includes the Japanese terminology, English equivalent, and the terminology usage.  None of the [[yaku]] are listed here.  Instead, they have their own [[List of yaku|yaku list]].
Naturally, the featured game is [[Japanese mahjong]].  Therefore, a multitude number of Japanese mahjong [[terminology]] and other general Japanese words are used.  The following list includes the Japanese terminology, English equivalent, and the terminology usage.  None of the [[yaku]] are listed here.  Instead, they have their own [[List of yaku|yaku list]].


For adding new words, use the [[template:term list|Term list template]].
For adding new words, use the [[template:term list|Term list template]].
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==Terminology list==
==Terminology list==
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Agari
|Romaji=[[Agari]]
|Kanji=和がり
|Kanji=和がり
|English=Win
|English=Win
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Aidayonken
|Romaji=[[Agaripai]]
|Kanji=和がり牌
|English=Winning tile
|Explanation=The 14th tile that completes a hand.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Agariyame]]
| Kanji      = 和了り止め
| English    =
| Explanation = An end game condition that allows the last dealer to declare the end of the game, when in possession of the first place position.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Aidayonken]]
|Kanji=間四軒
|Kanji=間四軒
|English=
|English=Four in between
|Explanation=An interval of four between two discarded number tiles. Usually indicates dangerous waits. A discarded 1 and 6 make a 2—5 wait very probable.
|Explanation=An interval of four between two discarded number tiles. Usually indicates dangerous waits. A discarded 1 and 6 make a 2—5 wait very probable.
}}
}}
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|Kanji=暗順
|Kanji=暗順
|English=Concealed sequence
|English=Concealed sequence
|Explanation=Three self-drawn consecutive tiles of the same suit, used as one of the four melds in a regular hand. An open sequence would be a minjun, the general term for a sequence is shuntsu.
|Explanation=Three self-drawn consecutive tiles of the same suit, used as one of the four tile groups in a regular hand. An open sequence would be a minjun, the general term for a sequence is shuntsu.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Mentsu|Ankan]]
|Romaji=[[Ankan]]
|Kanji=暗槓
|Kanji=暗槓
|English=Concealed kan
|English=Concealed kan
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|Kanji=暗刻
|Kanji=暗刻
|English=Concealed triplet
|English=Concealed triplet
|Explanation=Three self-drawn identical tiles, used as one of the four melds in a regular hand. Compare with the yaku names [[san ankou]] and [[suu ankou]]. An open triplet would be a minkou, and the general term for any triplet is koutsu.
|Explanation=Three self-drawn identical tiles, used as one of the four tile groups in a regular hand. Compare with the yaku names [[san ankou]] and [[suu ankou]]. An open triplet would be a minkou, and the general term for any triplet is koutsu.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Atama  
|Romaji=[[jantou|Atama]]
|Kanji=頭
|Kanji=頭
|English=Pair, eye
|English=Pair, eye, head
|Explanation=The pair in a standard mahjong hand. Also "jantou".
|Explanation=The pair in a standard mahjong hand. Also "jantou".
}}
}}
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{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Atozuke]]
|Romaji=[[Atozuke]]
|Kanji=先付け
|Kanji=後付け
|English=After-attach
|English=After-attach
|Explanation=Allows a hand to win despite having no guaranteed yaku while in tenpai, as long as the winning tile generates a yaku. Opposite of ''sakizuke''.
|Explanation=Allows a hand to win despite having no guaranteed yaku while in tenpai, as long as the winning tile generates a yaku.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Defense|Awaseuchi]]
|Romaji=[[Genbutsu|Awaseuchi]]
|Kanji=合わせ打ち
|Kanji=合わせ打ち
|English=
|English=
Line 103: Line 115:
| Romaji      = [[Baiman]]
| Romaji      = [[Baiman]]
| Kanji      = 倍満
| Kanji      = 倍満
| English    =
| English    = Double slam
| Explanation = A hand worth 8 to 10 han.
| Explanation = A hand worth 8 to 10 han.
}}
}}
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Bakaze
|Romaji=[[Jikaze|Bakaze]]
|Kanji=場風
|Kanji=場風
|English=Round wind
|English=Round wind
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Chii
|Romaji=[[Chii]]
|Kanji=チー
|Kanji=チー
|English=
|English=
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{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Chombo]]
|Romaji=[[Chombo]]
|Kanji=冲合
|Kanji=冲合,錯和
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=A penalty, applied to particularly unacceptable mahjong plays, such as winning with an invalid hand or destroying the wall.  Typically, the penalty results in a [[Scoring|mangan]] payment to all players and restarts the current round.  Otherwise, penalty values may be subject to [[Rule variations|variation]].
|Explanation=A penalty, applied to particularly unacceptable mahjong plays, such as winning with an invalid hand or destroying the wall.  Typically, the penalty results in a [[Scoring|mangan]] payment to all players and restarts the current round.  Otherwise, penalty values may be subject to [[Rule variations|variation]].
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|Romaji=[[Tanyao|Chunchan]]
|Romaji=[[Tanyao|Chunchan]]
|Kanji=中張
|Kanji=中張
|English=
|English=Simples
|Explanation=The zone of tiles numbered from 2 through 8, representing tiles that can be grouped with tiles on each of its sides.
|Explanation=The zone of tiles numbered from 2 through 8, representing tiles that can be grouped with tiles on each of its sides.
}}
}}
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Kan|Daiminkan]]
|Romaji=[[Daiminkan]]
|Kanji=大明槓
|Kanji=大明槓
|English=Open kan
|English=Open kan
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Dejitaru
|Romaji=[[Digital|Dejitaru]]
|Kanji=デジタル
|Kanji=デジタル
|English=Digital
|English=Digital
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Fu
|Romaji=[[Fu]]
|Kanji=符
|Kanji=符
|English=Mini-points
|English=Mini-points
|Explanation=A unit used to measure the hand's score, based on [[mentsu|meld]] and [[machi|wait]] composition.
|Explanation=A unit used to measure the hand's score, based on [[mentsu|tile group]] and [[machi|wait]] composition.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Fuuro
|Romaji=[[Naki|Fuuro]]
|Kanji=副露
|Kanji=副露
|English=Meld
|English=tile group
|Explanation=Calling of discarded tile or closed kan, also "naki".
|Explanation=Calling of discarded tile or closed kan, also "naki".
}}
}}
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|English=Safe tile
|English=Safe tile
|Explanation=A 100% safe tile.
|Explanation=A 100% safe tile.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Goumii]]
| Kanji      = ゴーミー
| English    = Trash, garbage
| Explanation = The cheapest tsumo value, of 500 points from the dealer and 300 points from the non-dealers.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = Gukei
| Kanji      = 愚形
| English    = Bad shape
| Explanation = Any hand considered to posses a bad shape.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = Gyakugiri
| Kanji      = 逆切り
| English    = Reverse cut
| Explanation = A suit of tiles being discarded in reverse suji order.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Gyakuten]]
| Kanji      = 逆転
| English    = Passing, reversal
| Explanation = Refers to a situation, where a player passes up another player in points, at the end of the game.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Haipai]]
|Romaji=[[Haipai]]
|Kanji=配牌
|Kanji=配牌
|English=Start hand
|English=Start hand
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|English=Full East-South game
|English=Full East-South game
|Explanation=A game consisting of an East and South round.
|Explanation=A game consisting of an East and South round.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Haneman]]
| Kanji      = 跳満
| English    = 1.5x Slam
| Explanation = A hand worth 6 or 7 han.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|English=
|English=
|Explanation=A Shanpon or Tanki wait embedded inside a Shuntsu. For example, 4556 waiting on 5.
|Explanation=A Shanpon or Tanki wait embedded inside a Shuntsu. For example, 4556 waiting on 5.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = Hikkake
| Kanji      = 引っ掛け
| English    = Trap
| Explanation = Discard tiles indicating particular tiles as safe, when in fact, they are not - contrary to standard defense reading.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Scoring|Honba]]
|Romaji=[[Scoring|Honba]]
|Kanji=本場
|Kanji=本場
|English=
|English=Repeat counter
|Explanation=A counter to indicate the number of hands in-between winning hands, usually indicated by 100-point sticks.
|Explanation=A counter to indicate the number of hands in-between winning hands, usually indicated by 100-point sticks.
}}
}}
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|Romaji=[[Agari|Houra]]
|Romaji=[[Agari|Houra]]
|Kanji=和了
|Kanji=和了
|English=
|English=Woned (past tense)
|Explanation=To win a hand
|Explanation=To win a hand
}}
}}
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Iichan
|Romaji=[[Hanchan|Iichan]]
|Kanji=一荘
|Kanji=一荘
|English=4 round game
|English=4 round game
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Jantou|Inchiki]]
|Romaji=[[Inchiki|Inchiki]]
|Kanji=雀頭
|Kanji=インチキ
|English=Pair
|English=Rigging
|Explanation=The pair in a standard mahjong hand. Also named “atama”.
|Explanation=Cheating by manipulating devices integral to the game (autodealer, game client) or outside it (cameras, telegraphs, radio).
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Jansou]]
|Kanji=雀荘
|English=Mahjong parlor
|Explanation=A public place specifically used to host and cater mahjong play
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|English=Pair, eye
|English=Pair, eye
|Explanation=The pair in a standard mahjong hand. Also “atama”.
|Explanation=The pair in a standard mahjong hand. Also “atama”.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Jansou]]
|Kanji=雀荘
|English=Mahjong parlor
|Explanation=A public place specifically used to host and cater mahjong play
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Kanji=字牌
|Kanji=字牌
|English=Honor tiles
|English=Honor tiles
|Explanation=Character tiles ([[sangenpai]] and [[kazehai]]).
|Explanation=The honor tiles ([[sangenpai]] and [[kazehai]]).
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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| Kanji      = 加槓
| Kanji      = 加槓
| English    = Upgraded kan
| English    = Upgraded kan
| Explanation = A kan that was upgraded from a melded set, from a player's own draws or hand.
| Explanation = A kan that was upgraded from a tile grouped set, from a player's own draws or hand.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Kamicha
|Romaji=[[Kamicha]]
|Kanji=上家
|Kanji=上家
|English=
|English=
Line 387: Line 435:
| English    = Added dora
| English    = Added dora
| Explanation = Additional dora indicators, when the call for kan is invoked.
| Explanation = Additional dora indicators, when the call for kan is invoked.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Atozuke|Kata agari]]
| Kanji      = 片和がり
| English    =
| Explanation = A hand tenpai for at least one invalid tile.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Suji|Kata suji]]
| Kanji      =
| English    = Half suji
| Explanation = An outer tile along a suji interval.
}}
}}
{{Term list
{{Term list
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|Kanji=槓子
|Kanji=槓子
|English=Quad
|English=Quad
|Explanation=A meld of four identical tiles, which must be [[kan|declared as kan]] to be counted as such.
|Explanation=A tile group of four identical tiles, which must be [[kan|declared as kan]] to be counted as such.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Tenpai|Karaten]]
|Kanji=カラテン
|English=Empty tenpai
|Explanation=The state of a [[tenpai]] hand, by which all available [[machi|waiting tiles]] are not available due to discards and/or [[dora|dora indicators]].
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|English=
|English=
|Explanation=Additional dora indicators revealed after calling [[kan]].
|Explanation=Additional dora indicators revealed after calling [[kan]].
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Tenpai|Karaten]]
|Kanji=カラテン
|English=Empty tenpai
|Explanation=The state of a [[tenpai]] hand, by which all available [[machi|waiting tiles]] are not available due to discards and/or [[dora|dora indicators]].
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|English=Winds
|English=Winds
|Explanation=Wind tiles.
|Explanation=Wind tiles.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Tenpai#Keishiki tenpai|Keishiki tenpai]]
| Kanji      = 形式聴牌
| English    =
| Explanation = A state of tenpai that contains no yaku.  As long as the hand is waiting for a tile that could exist anywhere outside a player's hand and calls, the hand is considered tenpai.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Kanji=刻子
|Kanji=刻子
|English=Triplet
|English=Triplet
|Explanation=A meld of three identical tiles.
|Explanation=A tile group of three identical tiles.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Kanji=喰い替え
|Kanji=喰い替え
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=A rule that allows you to call a tile, then discard another tile that could have completed the meld. For example, to chi 123 and discard a 4.
|Explanation=A rule that allows you to call a tile, then discard another tile that could have completed the tile group. For example, calling a 1 when you have 234 and then discard a 4.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Kanji=局
|Kanji=局
|English=Round, Hand session
|English=Round, Hand session
|Explanation=A portion of the game, starting from the dealing of tiles and ends with the declaration of a win, [[Tochuu ryuukoku|aborted hand]], or [[ryuukyoku|draw]]. Examples: East Round 1.  South Round 2.
|Explanation=A portion of the game, starting from the dealing of tiles and ends with the declaration of a win, [[Tochuu ryuukyoku|aborted hand]], or [[ryuukyoku|draw]]. Examples: East Round 1.  South Round 2.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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}}
}}
{{Term list
{{Term list
| Romaji      = Mangan
| Romaji      = [[Mangan]]
| Kanji      = 満貫
| Kanji      = 満貫
| English    =  
| English    =  
Line 493: Line 559:
|Romaji=[[Mawashiuchi]]
|Romaji=[[Mawashiuchi]]
|Kanji=回し打ち
|Kanji=回し打ち
|English=Avoidance play
|Explanation=The strategy of attempting to develop a hand, while discarding only safe tiles.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Honitsu|Menhon]]
|Kanji=メンホン
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=The strategy of attempting to develop a hand, while discarding only safe tiles.
|Explanation=Abbreviation for [[Mentsumo|Menzen]]-[[Honitsu]], a Mixed-Flush hand in closed state.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 505: Line 577:
|Romaji=[[Mentsu]]
|Romaji=[[Mentsu]]
|Kanji=面子
|Kanji=面子
|English=Meld, Group (tiles)
|English=tile group, Group (tiles)
|Explanation=The melds: koutsu, shuntsu, and [[Kan|kantsu]].
|Explanation=The tile groups: koutsu, shuntsu, and [[Kan|kantsu]].
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Kanji=門前
|Kanji=門前
|English=Closed hand
|English=Closed hand
|Explanation=A fully closed hand, thus no open melds.
|Explanation=A fully closed hand, thus no open tile groups.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Mentsu|Minjun]]
|Romaji=[[Mentsu|Minjun]]
|Kanji=
|Kanji=明順
|English=Open sequence
|English=Open sequence
|Explanation=An open shuntsu, or a sequence of three consecutive tiles, formed by calling chii on the previously missing tile. A concealed shuntsu would be an anjun.
|Explanation=An open shuntsu, or a sequence of three consecutive tiles, formed by calling chii on the previously missing tile. A concealed shuntsu would be an anjun.
Line 531: Line 603:
|English=Open triplet
|English=Open triplet
|Explanation=An open [[koutsu]] made by calling a discarded tile.
|Explanation=An open [[koutsu]] made by calling a discarded tile.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Minogashi]]
| Kanji      = 見逃し
| English    = Let free
| Explanation = The act of declining a winning tile.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Moupai]]
| Kanji      = 盲牌
| English    = Blind touch
| Explanation = The act of reading a tile by touch, instead of looking at the tile.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Suji|Naka suji]]
|Kanji=
|English= Middle suji
|Explanation= The center number along a suji interval.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Nan
|Romaji=[[Kazehai|Nan]]
|Kanji=南
|Kanji=南
|English=South
|English=South
Line 549: Line 639:
|English=Invalid, off
|English=Invalid, off
|Explanation=States that the preceding rule is not in effect.
|Explanation=States that the preceding rule is not in effect.
:::For example, as in [[kuikae]] nashi for disallowing players to call a tile and immediately discard another tile which would have also completed the called meld.
:::For example, as in [[kuikae]] nashi for disallowing players to call a tile and immediately discard another tile which would have also completed the called tile group.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Romaji=[[Nobetan]]
|Romaji=[[Nobetan]]
|Kanji=延べ単
|Kanji=延べ単
|English=
|English=Extended [[tanki]]
|Explanation=A double Tanki wait, e.g. 4567 waiting on 4 or 7.
|Explanation=A double Tanki wait, e.g. 4567 waiting on 4 or 7.
}}
}}
{{Term list
{{Term list
| Romaji      = Nomi
| Romaji      = [[Nomi]]
| Kanji      = ノミ
| Kanji      = ノミ
| English    =
| English    = Only
| Explanation = A term referring to a hand containing just a single [[yaku]] and no dora, with exception to [[nagashi mangan]].
| Explanation = A term referring to a hand containing just a single [[yaku]] and no dora.  The term is not applicable to [[nagashi mangan]] or [[yakuman]].
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Ryuukyoku|Noten]]
|Romaji=[[Tenpai|Noten]]
|Kanji=ノーテン
|Kanji=ノーテン
|English=
|English= No tenpai
|Explanation=When your hand is not in tenpai at the end of the round.
|Explanation=When your hand is not in tenpai at the end of the round.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Noten bappu
|Romaji=[[Ryuukyoku|Noten bappu]]
|Kanji=ノーテン罰符
|Kanji=ノーテン罰符
|English=Noten penalty
|English=Noten penalty
Line 588: Line 678:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Occult
|Romaji=[[Occult|Okaruto]]
|Kanji=オカルト
|Kanji=オカルト
|English=Occult, Superstition
|English=Occult, Superstition
Line 609: Line 699:
|Kanji=送り槓
|Kanji=送り槓
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=Four tiles that could be called for kan, but rather left undeclared in order to use the tiles for other melds.
|Explanation=Four tiles that could be called for kan, but rather left undeclared in order to use the tiles for other tile groups.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|English=Off wind tiles
|English=Off wind tiles
|Explanation=Non-bonus wind tiles. For example, if seated South in the East round, then Otakaze are West and North tiles.
|Explanation=Non-bonus wind tiles. For example, if seated South in the East round, then Otakaze are West and North tiles.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=Otoshi
|Kanji=落とし
|English=Dropping
|Explanation=The act of dropping a tile.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|English=Dealer
|English=Dealer
|Explanation=The dealer position, seated east
|Explanation=The dealer position, seated east
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=Pai
|Kanji=牌
|English=Draw
|Explanation=Generic term for a tile draw, usually attached to specific tile draws like "rinshanpai" or "haiteihai".
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Pinzu
|Romaji=[[Pinzu]]
|Kanji=筒子
|Kanji=筒子
|English=Dots, Circles
|English=Dots, Circles
Line 656: Line 758:
|Romaji=[[Naki|Pon]]
|Romaji=[[Naki|Pon]]
|Kanji=ポン
|Kanji=ポン
|English=
|English=Open triplet
|Explanation=A tile call used to make a [[Mentsu|minkou]] from an opponent’s discard.
|Explanation=A tile call used to make a [[Mentsu|minkou]] from an opponent’s discard.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Jikaze|Renchan]]
|Romaji=[[Renchan]]
|Kanji=連荘
|Kanji=連荘
|English=
|English=
Line 668: Line 770:
|Romaji=Riipai
|Romaji=Riipai
|Kanji=理牌
|Kanji=理牌
|English=
|English=Sorting
|Explanation=Arranging the tiles in your hand.
|Explanation=Arranging the tiles in your hand.
}}
}}
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Ron
|Romaji=[[Ron]]
|Kanji=栄 or ロン
|Kanji=栄 or ロン
|English=
|English=Deal in
|Explanation=A win using an opponent’s discard.
|Explanation=A win using an opponent’s discard.
}}
}}
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}}
}}
{{Term list
{{Term list
| Romaji      = Ryanhan shibari
| Romaji      = [[Ryanhan shibari]]
| Kanji      =
| Kanji      = 二飜縛り
| English    = 2-han minimum
| English    = 2-han minimum
| Explanation = A minimum limit of 2-han is applied to winning hands.  Usually, this is applied when the honba count reaches 5.
| Explanation = A minimum limit of 2-han is applied to winning hands.  Usually, this is applied when the honba count reaches 5.
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|English=Dice
|English=Dice
|Explanation=The dice, used to determine dealer position and wall breaks.
|Explanation=The dice, used to determine dealer position and wall breaks.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Sakigiri]]
| Kanji      = 先切り
| English    =
| Explanation = The act of discarding potentially dangerous tiles, before they actually become dangerous.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 723: Line 831:
|Kanji=先付け
|Kanji=先付け
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=Disallows a yakuless hand to win upon gaining yaku with a discard. Opposite to ''atozuke''.
|Explanation=Same as atozuke. Some people think that sakizuke is the opposite of atozuke, but that is incorrect.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Sanbaiman]]
| Kanji      = 三倍満
| English    =
| Explanation = A hand worth 11 or 12 han.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 738: Line 852:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Sashikomi
|Romaji=[[Sashikomi]]
|Kanji=差し込み
|Kanji=差し込み
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=Intentionally dealing into an opponent’s hand.
|Explanation=Intentionally dealing into an opponent’s hand.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Senten]]
| Kanji      = センテン
| English    =
| Explanation = A 1,000 point hand.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Shaa
|Romaji=[[Kazehai|Shaa]]
|Kanji=西
|Kanji=西
|English=West
|English=West
Line 750: Line 870:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Shabo
|Romaji=[[Shanpon|Shabo]]
|Kanji=シャボ
|Kanji=シャボ
|English=Dual pair
|English=Dual pair
|Explanation=Abbreviation of [[shanpon]].
|Explanation=Abbreviation of shanpon.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 774: Line 894:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Shimocha
|Romaji=[[Shimocha]]
|Kanji=下家
|Kanji=下家
|English=Right player
|English=Right player
Line 780: Line 900:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Shoku
|Romaji=[[Mahjong equipment|Shoku]]
|Kanji=色
|Kanji=色
|English=Color
|English=Color
Line 790: Line 910:
|English=Live tile
|English=Live tile
|Explanation=A tile that has not yet been discarded this round.
|Explanation=A tile that has not yet been discarded this round.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=Shouhai
|Kanji=少牌
|English=Short hand
|Explanation=Having lesser tiles in hand.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 798: Line 924:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Shuupai
|Romaji=[[Tanyao|Shuupai]]
|Kanji=数牌
|Kanji=数牌
|English=Number tiles
|English=Number tiles
|Explanation=The number tiles. Also “suupai”.
|Explanation=The number tiles. Also “suupai”.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=Somete
|Kanji=染め手
|English=Flushing hand
|Explanation=A common saying of flushing hand, usually Honitsu (Half Flush) and Chinitsu (Full Flush). Literally means "dyeing hand".
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 816: Line 948:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Suupai
|Romaji=[[Tanyao|Suupai]]
|Kanji=数牌
|Kanji=数牌
|English=Number tiles
|English=Number tiles
Line 822: Line 954:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Suteru
|Romaji=[[Kawa|Suteru]]
|Kanji=捨てる
|Kanji=捨てる
|English=To discard
|English=To discard
Line 828: Line 960:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Taatsu
|Romaji=Taahai
|Kanji=多牌
|English=Long hand
|Explanation=Having too many tiles in hand.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Taatsu]]
|Kanji=塔子
|Kanji=塔子
|English=
|English=Protogroup
|Explanation=A tile pattern that can be turned into a [[Mentsu|shuntsu]] with one more tile. For example, 46 can be completed with a 5.
|Explanation=Any tile pair that can be turned into a tile group, or [[Mentsu|shuntsu]], with one more tile. For example, 46 can be completed with a 5.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 850: Line 988:
|English=Pair wait
|English=Pair wait
|Explanation=A wait on a single tile to complete the pair.
|Explanation=A wait on a single tile to complete the pair.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=Tedashi
|Kanji=手出し
|English=
|Explanation=To discard a tile originally from hand. Opposite of ''tsumogiri''.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 868: Line 1,012:
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=The advantage of rounding up to the higher 10 fu mark, when just crossing the previous 10 fu.  Example: Being 2 fu above 30 fu, allowing an above rounding of 40 fu.
|Explanation=The advantage of rounding up to the higher 10 fu mark, when just crossing the previous 10 fu.  Example: Being 2 fu above 30 fu, allowing an above rounding of 40 fu.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Tobi]]
| Kanji      = トビ
| English    = Bankrupt, Negative
| Explanation = The condition by which players points fall below zero (go into negative).
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Tochuu ryuukoku]]
|Romaji=[[Tochuu ryuukyoku]]
|Kanji=途中流局
|Kanji=途中流局
|English=Abortive draw
|English=Abortive draw
Line 876: Line 1,026:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Toitsu
|Romaji=[[Toitsu]]
|Kanji=対子
|Kanji=対子
|English=Pair
|English=Pair
Line 882: Line 1,032:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Toimen
|Romaji=[[Toimen]]
|Kanji=対面
|Kanji=対面
|English=Across
|English=Across
Line 888: Line 1,038:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Ton
|Romaji=[[Kazehai|Ton]]
|Kanji=東
|Kanji=東
|English=East
|English=East
Line 900: Line 1,050:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Tsumo
|Romaji=[[Tsumo]]
|Kanji=自摸
|Kanji=自摸
|English=Self-draw
|English=Self-draw
Line 906: Line 1,056:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Tsumokiri
|Romaji=Tsumogiri
|Kanji=ツモ切り
|Kanji=ツモ切り
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=Discarding the tile that was just drawn.
|Explanation=Discarding the tile that was just drawn. Opposite of ''tedashi''.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Ukeire]]
|Kanji=受け入れ
|English=
|Explanation=The tile count for a hand in order to reduce [[shanten]].
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 918: Line 1,074:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Dora#Ura_dora|Ura dora]]
|Romaji=[[Uradora]]
|Kanji=裏ドラ
|Kanji=裏ドラ
|English=Underneath dora
|English=Underneath dora
|Explanation=Additional dora located underneath previously revealed dora indicators, which can be earned by winning with [[riichi]].
|Explanation=Additional dora located underneath previously revealed dora indicators, which can be earned by winning with [[riichi]].
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Urasuji]]
| Kanji      = 裏
| English    = Back vein
| Explanation = The discarded tile that lies just outside of a dangerous wait, one count higher (or lower) and represent a kanchan wait being upgraded to a ryanmen one
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 930: Line 1,092:
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Wareme
|Romaji=[[Wareme]]
|Kanji=割れ目
|Kanji=割れ目
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=A rule that doubles any payment involving the player whose wall was broken at the start of a ''kyoku''
|Explanation=A rule that doubles any payment involving the player whose wall was broken at the start of the hand.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 939: Line 1,101:
|Kanji=焼き鳥
|Kanji=焼き鳥
|English=Winless game
|English=Winless game
|Explanation=A penalty applied after a [[hanchan]] to players who did not win at least one hand
|Explanation=A game, by which a player did not win at least one hand during a [[hanchan|game]] .
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 946: Line 1,108:
|English=Hand pattern
|English=Hand pattern
|Explanation=A required scoring pattern or condition in the hand that awards han, such as [[Tanyao]] or [[Toitoi]].
|Explanation=A required scoring pattern or condition in the hand that awards han, such as [[Tanyao]] or [[Toitoi]].
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Yakuman]]
| Kanji      = 役満
| English    = Limit hand
| Explanation = A hand worth 13 han or more, or a specific pattern among the yakuman classed hand patterns.  Maximum points for a pattern is awarded without aotenjou applied.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 952: Line 1,120:
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=The tile walls, literally means "mountains".
|Explanation=The tile walls, literally means "mountains".
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Yamagoshi]]
| Kanji      = 山越し
| English    =
| Explanation = A tactic of declining a winning tile, until after one's subsequent turn.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Damaten|Yamiten]]
| Kanji      = 闇聴
| English    =
| Explanation = Another word for "damaten".
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Tanyao|Yaochuuhai]]
|Romaji=[[Yaochuuhai]]
|Kanji=幺九牌
|Kanji=幺九牌
|English=
|English=1 and 9 tiles(?)
|Explanation=All tiles numbered 1 and 9 (routouhai) plus characters (jihai).
|Explanation=All tiles numbered 1 and 9 (routouhai) plus characters (jihai).
}}
}}
Line 979: Line 1,159:


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.osamuko.com/big-list-of-japanese-mahjong-terminology/ Terminology list at Osamuko]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130130023921/http://www.osamuko.com/big-list-of-japanese-mahjong-terminology/ Terminology list at Osamuko]
* [http://www.reachmahjong.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99#A Terminology list at ReachMahjong]
* [http://www.reachmahjong.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99#A Terminology list at ReachMahjong]


[[Category:Terminology]]
[[Category:Terminology]]
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