List of terminology by alphabetical order: Difference between revisions

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List of terminology by alphabetical order (view source)

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{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Aidayonken
|Romaji=[[Aidayonken]]
|Kanji=間四軒
|Kanji=間四軒
|English=
|English=Four in between
|Explanation=An interval of four between two discarded number tiles. Usually indicates dangerous waits. A discarded 1 and 6 make a 2—5 wait very probable.
|Explanation=An interval of four between two discarded number tiles. Usually indicates dangerous waits. A discarded 1 and 6 make a 2—5 wait very probable.
}}
}}
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|Kanji=暗順
|Kanji=暗順
|English=Concealed sequence
|English=Concealed sequence
|Explanation=Three self-drawn consecutive tiles of the same suit, used as one of the four melds in a regular hand. An open sequence would be a minjun, the general term for a sequence is shuntsu.
|Explanation=Three self-drawn consecutive tiles of the same suit, used as one of the four tile groups in a regular hand. An open sequence would be a minjun, the general term for a sequence is shuntsu.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Kanji=暗刻
|Kanji=暗刻
|English=Concealed triplet
|English=Concealed triplet
|Explanation=Three self-drawn identical tiles, used as one of the four melds in a regular hand. Compare with the yaku names [[san ankou]] and [[suu ankou]]. An open triplet would be a minkou, and the general term for any triplet is koutsu.
|Explanation=Three self-drawn identical tiles, used as one of the four tile groups in a regular hand. Compare with the yaku names [[san ankou]] and [[suu ankou]]. An open triplet would be a minkou, and the general term for any triplet is koutsu.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[jantou|Atama ]]
|Romaji=[[jantou|Atama]]
|Kanji=頭
|Kanji=頭
|English=Pair, eye
|English=Pair, eye, head
|Explanation=The pair in a standard mahjong hand. Also "jantou".
|Explanation=The pair in a standard mahjong hand. Also "jantou".
}}
}}
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{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Atozuke]]
|Romaji=[[Atozuke]]
|Kanji=先付け
|Kanji=後付け
|English=After-attach
|English=After-attach
|Explanation=Allows a hand to win despite having no guaranteed yaku while in tenpai, as long as the winning tile generates a yaku. Opposite of ''sakizuke''.
|Explanation=Allows a hand to win despite having no guaranteed yaku while in tenpai, as long as the winning tile generates a yaku.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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| Romaji      = [[Baiman]]
| Romaji      = [[Baiman]]
| Kanji      = 倍満
| Kanji      = 倍満
| English    =
| English    = Double slam
| Explanation = A hand worth 8 to 10 han.
| Explanation = A hand worth 8 to 10 han.
}}
}}
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{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Chombo]]
|Romaji=[[Chombo]]
|Kanji=冲合
|Kanji=冲合,錯和
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=A penalty, applied to particularly unacceptable mahjong plays, such as winning with an invalid hand or destroying the wall.  Typically, the penalty results in a [[Scoring|mangan]] payment to all players and restarts the current round.  Otherwise, penalty values may be subject to [[Rule variations|variation]].
|Explanation=A penalty, applied to particularly unacceptable mahjong plays, such as winning with an invalid hand or destroying the wall.  Typically, the penalty results in a [[Scoring|mangan]] payment to all players and restarts the current round.  Otherwise, penalty values may be subject to [[Rule variations|variation]].
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|Romaji=[[Tanyao|Chunchan]]
|Romaji=[[Tanyao|Chunchan]]
|Kanji=中張
|Kanji=中張
|English=
|English=Simples
|Explanation=The zone of tiles numbered from 2 through 8, representing tiles that can be grouped with tiles on each of its sides.
|Explanation=The zone of tiles numbered from 2 through 8, representing tiles that can be grouped with tiles on each of its sides.
}}
}}
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|Kanji=符
|Kanji=符
|English=Mini-points
|English=Mini-points
|Explanation=A unit used to measure the hand's score, based on [[mentsu|meld]] and [[machi|wait]] composition.
|Explanation=A unit used to measure the hand's score, based on [[mentsu|tile group]] and [[machi|wait]] composition.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Romaji=[[Naki|Fuuro]]
|Romaji=[[Naki|Fuuro]]
|Kanji=副露
|Kanji=副露
|English=Meld
|English=tile group
|Explanation=Calling of discarded tile or closed kan, also "naki".
|Explanation=Calling of discarded tile or closed kan, also "naki".
}}
}}
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| Romaji      = [[Goumii]]
| Romaji      = [[Goumii]]
| Kanji      = ゴーミー
| Kanji      = ゴーミー
| English    =
| English    = Trash, garbage
| Explanation = The cheapest tsumo value, of 500 points from the dealer and 300 points from the non-dealers.
| Explanation = The cheapest tsumo value, of 500 points from the dealer and 300 points from the non-dealers.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = Gukei
| Kanji      = 愚形
| English    = Bad shape
| Explanation = Any hand considered to posses a bad shape.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = Gyakugiri
| Kanji      = 逆切り
| English    = Reverse cut
| Explanation = A suit of tiles being discarded in reverse suji order.
}}
}}
{{Term list
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Gyakuten]]
| Romaji      = [[Gyakuten]]
| Kanji      = 逆転
| Kanji      = 逆転
| English    = Passing
| English    = Passing, reversal
| Explanation = Refers to a situation, where a player passes up another player in points, at the end of the game.
| Explanation = Refers to a situation, where a player passes up another player in points, at the end of the game.
}}
}}
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| Romaji      = [[Haneman]]
| Romaji      = [[Haneman]]
| Kanji      = 跳満
| Kanji      = 跳満
| English    =
| English    = 1.5x Slam
| Explanation = A hand word 6 or 7 han.
| Explanation = A hand worth 6 or 7 han.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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{{Term list
{{Term list
| Romaji      = Hikkake
| Romaji      = Hikkake
| Kanji      =
| Kanji      = 引っ掛け
| English    = Trap
| English    = Trap
| Explanation = Discard tiles indicating particular tiles as safe, when in fact, they are not - contrary to standard defense reading.
| Explanation = Discard tiles indicating particular tiles as safe, when in fact, they are not - contrary to standard defense reading.
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|Romaji=[[Scoring|Honba]]
|Romaji=[[Scoring|Honba]]
|Kanji=本場
|Kanji=本場
|English=
|English=Repeat counter
|Explanation=A counter to indicate the number of hands in-between winning hands, usually indicated by 100-point sticks.
|Explanation=A counter to indicate the number of hands in-between winning hands, usually indicated by 100-point sticks.
}}
}}
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|Romaji=[[Agari|Houra]]
|Romaji=[[Agari|Houra]]
|Kanji=和了
|Kanji=和了
|English=
|English=Woned (past tense)
|Explanation=To win a hand
|Explanation=To win a hand
}}
}}
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| Kanji      = 加槓
| Kanji      = 加槓
| English    = Upgraded kan
| English    = Upgraded kan
| Explanation = A kan that was upgraded from a melded set, from a player's own draws or hand.
| Explanation = A kan that was upgraded from a tile grouped set, from a player's own draws or hand.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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| English    = Added dora
| English    = Added dora
| Explanation = Additional dora indicators, when the call for kan is invoked.
| Explanation = Additional dora indicators, when the call for kan is invoked.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Atozuke|Kata agari]]
| Kanji      = 片和がり
| English    =
| Explanation = A hand tenpai for at least one invalid tile.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Suji|Kata suji]]
| Kanji      =
| English    = Half suji
| Explanation = An outer tile along a suji interval.
}}
}}
{{Term list
{{Term list
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|Kanji=槓子
|Kanji=槓子
|English=Quad
|English=Quad
|Explanation=A meld of four identical tiles, which must be [[kan|declared as kan]] to be counted as such.
|Explanation=A tile group of four identical tiles, which must be [[kan|declared as kan]] to be counted as such.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Tenpai|Karaten]]
|Kanji=カラテン
|English=Empty tenpai
|Explanation=The state of a [[tenpai]] hand, by which all available [[machi|waiting tiles]] are not available due to discards and/or [[dora|dora indicators]].
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|English=
|English=
|Explanation=Additional dora indicators revealed after calling [[kan]].
|Explanation=Additional dora indicators revealed after calling [[kan]].
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Tenpai|Karaten]]
|Kanji=カラテン
|English=Empty tenpai
|Explanation=The state of a [[tenpai]] hand, by which all available [[machi|waiting tiles]] are not available due to discards and/or [[dora|dora indicators]].
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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| Romaji      = [[Tenpai#Keishiki tenpai|Keishiki tenpai]]
| Romaji      = [[Tenpai#Keishiki tenpai|Keishiki tenpai]]
| Kanji      = 形式聴牌
| Kanji      = 形式聴牌
| English    =
| English    =  
| Explanation = A state of tenpai that requires a non-existent "5th tile" of a tile type for completion.
| Explanation = A state of tenpai that contains no yaku.  As long as the hand is waiting for a tile that could exist anywhere outside a player's hand and calls, the hand is considered tenpai.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Kanji=刻子
|Kanji=刻子
|English=Triplet
|English=Triplet
|Explanation=A meld of three identical tiles.
|Explanation=A tile group of three identical tiles.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Kanji=喰い替え
|Kanji=喰い替え
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=A rule that allows you to call a tile, then discard another tile that could have completed the meld. For example, to chi 123 and discard a 4.
|Explanation=A rule that allows you to call a tile, then discard another tile that could have completed the tile group. For example, calling a 1 when you have 234 and then discard a 4.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Romaji=[[Mawashiuchi]]
|Romaji=[[Mawashiuchi]]
|Kanji=回し打ち
|Kanji=回し打ち
|English=Avoidance play
|Explanation=The strategy of attempting to develop a hand, while discarding only safe tiles.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Honitsu|Menhon]]
|Kanji=メンホン
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=The strategy of attempting to develop a hand, while discarding only safe tiles.
|Explanation=Abbreviation for [[Mentsumo|Menzen]]-[[Honitsu]], a Mixed-Flush hand in closed state.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Romaji=[[Mentsu]]
|Romaji=[[Mentsu]]
|Kanji=面子
|Kanji=面子
|English=Meld, Group (tiles)
|English=tile group, Group (tiles)
|Explanation=The melds: koutsu, shuntsu, and [[Kan|kantsu]].
|Explanation=The tile groups: koutsu, shuntsu, and [[Kan|kantsu]].
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Kanji=門前
|Kanji=門前
|English=Closed hand
|English=Closed hand
|Explanation=A fully closed hand, thus no open melds.
|Explanation=A fully closed hand, thus no open tile groups.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Mentsu|Minjun]]
|Romaji=[[Mentsu|Minjun]]
|Kanji=
|Kanji=明順
|English=Open sequence
|English=Open sequence
|Explanation=An open shuntsu, or a sequence of three consecutive tiles, formed by calling chii on the previously missing tile. A concealed shuntsu would be an anjun.
|Explanation=An open shuntsu, or a sequence of three consecutive tiles, formed by calling chii on the previously missing tile. A concealed shuntsu would be an anjun.
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|English=Open triplet
|English=Open triplet
|Explanation=An open [[koutsu]] made by calling a discarded tile.
|Explanation=An open [[koutsu]] made by calling a discarded tile.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Minogashi]]
| Kanji      = 見逃し
| English    = Let free
| Explanation = The act of declining a winning tile.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Moupai]]
| Kanji      = 盲牌
| English    = Blind touch
| Explanation = The act of reading a tile by touch, instead of looking at the tile.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Suji|Naka suji]]
|Kanji=
|English= Middle suji
|Explanation= The center number along a suji interval.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|English=Invalid, off
|English=Invalid, off
|Explanation=States that the preceding rule is not in effect.
|Explanation=States that the preceding rule is not in effect.
:::For example, as in [[kuikae]] nashi for disallowing players to call a tile and immediately discard another tile which would have also completed the called meld.
:::For example, as in [[kuikae]] nashi for disallowing players to call a tile and immediately discard another tile which would have also completed the called tile group.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Romaji=[[Nobetan]]
|Romaji=[[Nobetan]]
|Kanji=延べ単
|Kanji=延べ単
|English=
|English=Extended [[tanki]]
|Explanation=A double Tanki wait, e.g. 4567 waiting on 4 or 7.
|Explanation=A double Tanki wait, e.g. 4567 waiting on 4 or 7.
}}
}}
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| Romaji      = [[Nomi]]
| Romaji      = [[Nomi]]
| Kanji      = ノミ
| Kanji      = ノミ
| English    =
| English    = Only
| Explanation = A term referring to a hand containing just a single [[yaku]] and no dora.  The term is not applicable to [[nagashi mangan]] or [[yakuman]].
| Explanation = A term referring to a hand containing just a single [[yaku]] and no dora.  The term is not applicable to [[nagashi mangan]] or [[yakuman]].
}}
}}
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|Romaji=[[Tenpai|Noten]]
|Romaji=[[Tenpai|Noten]]
|Kanji=ノーテン
|Kanji=ノーテン
|English=
|English= No tenpai
|Explanation=When your hand is not in tenpai at the end of the round.
|Explanation=When your hand is not in tenpai at the end of the round.
}}
}}
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|Kanji=送り槓
|Kanji=送り槓
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=Four tiles that could be called for kan, but rather left undeclared in order to use the tiles for other melds.
|Explanation=Four tiles that could be called for kan, but rather left undeclared in order to use the tiles for other tile groups.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|English=Off wind tiles
|English=Off wind tiles
|Explanation=Non-bonus wind tiles. For example, if seated South in the East round, then Otakaze are West and North tiles.
|Explanation=Non-bonus wind tiles. For example, if seated South in the East round, then Otakaze are West and North tiles.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=Otoshi
|Kanji=落とし
|English=Dropping
|Explanation=The act of dropping a tile.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Romaji=[[Naki|Pon]]
|Romaji=[[Naki|Pon]]
|Kanji=ポン
|Kanji=ポン
|English=
|English=Open triplet
|Explanation=A tile call used to make a [[Mentsu|minkou]] from an opponent’s discard.
|Explanation=A tile call used to make a [[Mentsu|minkou]] from an opponent’s discard.
}}
}}
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|Romaji=Riipai
|Romaji=Riipai
|Kanji=理牌
|Kanji=理牌
|English=
|English=Sorting
|Explanation=Arranging the tiles in your hand.
|Explanation=Arranging the tiles in your hand.
}}
}}
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|Romaji=[[Ron]]
|Romaji=[[Ron]]
|Kanji=栄 or ロン
|Kanji=栄 or ロン
|English=
|English=Deal in
|Explanation=A win using an opponent’s discard.
|Explanation=A win using an opponent’s discard.
}}
}}
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|English=Dice
|English=Dice
|Explanation=The dice, used to determine dealer position and wall breaks.
|Explanation=The dice, used to determine dealer position and wall breaks.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Sakigiri]]
| Kanji      = 先切り
| English    =
| Explanation = The act of discarding potentially dangerous tiles, before they actually become dangerous.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|Kanji=先付け
|Kanji=先付け
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=Disallows a yakuless hand to win upon gaining yaku with a discard. Opposite to ''atozuke''.
|Explanation=Same as atozuke. Some people think that sakizuke is the opposite of atozuke, but that is incorrect.
}}
}}
{{Term list
{{Term list
Line 799: Line 859:
{{Term list
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Senten]]
| Romaji      = [[Senten]]
| Kanji      =  
| Kanji      = センテン
| English    = センテン
| English    =  
| Explanation = A 1,000 point hand.
| Explanation = A 1,000 point hand.
}}
}}
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|English=Live tile
|English=Live tile
|Explanation=A tile that has not yet been discarded this round.
|Explanation=A tile that has not yet been discarded this round.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=Shouhai
|Kanji=少牌
|English=Short hand
|Explanation=Having lesser tiles in hand.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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|English=Number tiles
|English=Number tiles
|Explanation=The number tiles. Also “suupai”.
|Explanation=The number tiles. Also “suupai”.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=Somete
|Kanji=染め手
|English=Flushing hand
|Explanation=A common saying of flushing hand, usually Honitsu (Half Flush) and Chinitsu (Full Flush). Literally means "dyeing hand".
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
Line 887: Line 959:
|Explanation=To discard a tile.
|Explanation=To discard a tile.
}}
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=Taahai
|Kanji=多牌
|English=Long hand
|Explanation=Having too many tiles in hand.
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Taatsu]]
|Romaji=[[Taatsu]]
Line 910: Line 988:
|English=Pair wait
|English=Pair wait
|Explanation=A wait on a single tile to complete the pair.
|Explanation=A wait on a single tile to complete the pair.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=Tedashi
|Kanji=手出し
|English=
|Explanation=To discard a tile originally from hand. Opposite of ''tsumogiri''.
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=Tsumokiri
|Romaji=Tsumogiri
|Kanji=ツモ切り
|Kanji=ツモ切り
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=Discarding the tile that was just drawn.
|Explanation=Discarding the tile that was just drawn. Opposite of ''tedashi''.
}}
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Ukeire]]
|Kanji=受け入れ
|English=
|Explanation=The tile count for a hand in order to reduce [[shanten]].
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
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{{Term list
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Urasuji]]
| Romaji      = [[Urasuji]]
| Kanji      =  
| Kanji      = 裏
| English    = Back vein
| English    = Back vein
| Explanation = The discarded tile that lies just outside of a dangerous wait, one count higher (or lower) and represent a kanchan wait being upgraded to a ryanmen one
| Explanation = The discarded tile that lies just outside of a dangerous wait, one count higher (or lower) and represent a kanchan wait being upgraded to a ryanmen one
Line 1,030: Line 1,120:
|English=
|English=
|Explanation=The tile walls, literally means "mountains".
|Explanation=The tile walls, literally means "mountains".
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Yamagoshi]]
| Kanji      = 山越し
| English    =
| Explanation = A tactic of declining a winning tile, until after one's subsequent turn.
}}
{{Term list
| Romaji      = [[Damaten|Yamiten]]
| Kanji      = 闇聴
| English    =
| Explanation = Another word for "damaten".
}}
}}
{{term list
{{term list
|Romaji=[[Yaochuuhai]]
|Romaji=[[Yaochuuhai]]
|Kanji=幺九牌
|Kanji=幺九牌
|English=
|English=1 and 9 tiles(?)
|Explanation=All tiles numbered 1 and 9 (routouhai) plus characters (jihai).
|Explanation=All tiles numbered 1 and 9 (routouhai) plus characters (jihai).
}}
}}
Line 1,057: Line 1,159:


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.osamuko.com/big-list-of-japanese-mahjong-terminology/ Terminology list at Osamuko]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130130023921/http://www.osamuko.com/big-list-of-japanese-mahjong-terminology/ Terminology list at Osamuko]
* [http://www.reachmahjong.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99#A Terminology list at ReachMahjong]
* [http://www.reachmahjong.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99#A Terminology list at ReachMahjong]


[[Category:Terminology]]
[[Category:Terminology]]
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