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}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Aidayonken | |Romaji=[[Aidayonken]] | ||
|Kanji=間四軒 | |Kanji=間四軒 | ||
|English= | |English=Four in between | ||
|Explanation=An interval of four between two discarded number tiles. Usually indicates dangerous waits. A discarded 1 and 6 make a 2—5 wait very probable. | |Explanation=An interval of four between two discarded number tiles. Usually indicates dangerous waits. A discarded 1 and 6 make a 2—5 wait very probable. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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|Kanji=暗順 | |Kanji=暗順 | ||
|English=Concealed sequence | |English=Concealed sequence | ||
|Explanation=Three self-drawn consecutive tiles of the same suit, used as one of the four | |Explanation=Three self-drawn consecutive tiles of the same suit, used as one of the four tile groups in a regular hand. An open sequence would be a minjun, the general term for a sequence is shuntsu. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|Kanji=暗刻 | |Kanji=暗刻 | ||
|English=Concealed triplet | |English=Concealed triplet | ||
|Explanation=Three self-drawn identical tiles, used as one of the four | |Explanation=Three self-drawn identical tiles, used as one of the four tile groups in a regular hand. Compare with the yaku names [[san ankou]] and [[suu ankou]]. An open triplet would be a minkou, and the general term for any triplet is koutsu. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[jantou|Atama ]] | |Romaji=[[jantou|Atama]] | ||
|Kanji=頭 | |Kanji=頭 | ||
|English=Pair, eye | |English=Pair, eye, head | ||
|Explanation=The pair in a standard mahjong hand. Also "jantou". | |Explanation=The pair in a standard mahjong hand. Also "jantou". | ||
}} | }} | ||
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{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Atozuke]] | |Romaji=[[Atozuke]] | ||
|Kanji= | |Kanji=後付け | ||
|English=After-attach | |English=After-attach | ||
|Explanation=Allows a hand to win despite having no guaranteed yaku while in tenpai, as long as the winning tile generates a yaku | |Explanation=Allows a hand to win despite having no guaranteed yaku while in tenpai, as long as the winning tile generates a yaku. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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| Romaji = [[Baiman]] | | Romaji = [[Baiman]] | ||
| Kanji = 倍満 | | Kanji = 倍満 | ||
| English = | | English = Double slam | ||
| Explanation = A hand worth 8 to 10 han. | | Explanation = A hand worth 8 to 10 han. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Chombo]] | |Romaji=[[Chombo]] | ||
|Kanji=冲合 | |Kanji=冲合,錯和 | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=A penalty, applied to particularly unacceptable mahjong plays, such as winning with an invalid hand or destroying the wall. Typically, the penalty results in a [[Scoring|mangan]] payment to all players and restarts the current round. Otherwise, penalty values may be subject to [[Rule variations|variation]]. | |Explanation=A penalty, applied to particularly unacceptable mahjong plays, such as winning with an invalid hand or destroying the wall. Typically, the penalty results in a [[Scoring|mangan]] payment to all players and restarts the current round. Otherwise, penalty values may be subject to [[Rule variations|variation]]. | ||
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|Romaji=[[Tanyao|Chunchan]] | |Romaji=[[Tanyao|Chunchan]] | ||
|Kanji=中張 | |Kanji=中張 | ||
|English= | |English=Simples | ||
|Explanation=The zone of tiles numbered from 2 through 8, representing tiles that can be grouped with tiles on each of its sides. | |Explanation=The zone of tiles numbered from 2 through 8, representing tiles that can be grouped with tiles on each of its sides. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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|Kanji=符 | |Kanji=符 | ||
|English=Mini-points | |English=Mini-points | ||
|Explanation=A unit used to measure the hand's score, based on [[mentsu| | |Explanation=A unit used to measure the hand's score, based on [[mentsu|tile group]] and [[machi|wait]] composition. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|Romaji=[[Naki|Fuuro]] | |Romaji=[[Naki|Fuuro]] | ||
|Kanji=副露 | |Kanji=副露 | ||
|English= | |English=tile group | ||
|Explanation=Calling of discarded tile or closed kan, also "naki". | |Explanation=Calling of discarded tile or closed kan, also "naki". | ||
}} | }} | ||
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| Romaji = [[Goumii]] | | Romaji = [[Goumii]] | ||
| Kanji = ゴーミー | | Kanji = ゴーミー | ||
| English = | | English = Trash, garbage | ||
| Explanation = The cheapest tsumo value, of 500 points from the dealer and 300 points from the non-dealers. | | Explanation = The cheapest tsumo value, of 500 points from the dealer and 300 points from the non-dealers. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = Gukei | |||
| Kanji = 愚形 | |||
| English = Bad shape | |||
| Explanation = Any hand considered to posses a bad shape. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = Gyakugiri | |||
| Kanji = 逆切り | |||
| English = Reverse cut | |||
| Explanation = A suit of tiles being discarded in reverse suji order. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Term list | {{Term list | ||
| Romaji = [[Gyakuten]] | | Romaji = [[Gyakuten]] | ||
| Kanji = 逆転 | | Kanji = 逆転 | ||
| English = Passing | | English = Passing, reversal | ||
| Explanation = Refers to a situation, where a player passes up another player in points, at the end of the game. | | Explanation = Refers to a situation, where a player passes up another player in points, at the end of the game. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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| Romaji = [[Haneman]] | | Romaji = [[Haneman]] | ||
| Kanji = 跳満 | | Kanji = 跳満 | ||
| English = | | English = 1.5x Slam | ||
| Explanation = A hand | | Explanation = A hand worth 6 or 7 han. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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{{Term list | {{Term list | ||
| Romaji = Hikkake | | Romaji = Hikkake | ||
| Kanji = | | Kanji = 引っ掛け | ||
| English = Trap | | English = Trap | ||
| Explanation = Discard tiles indicating particular tiles as safe, when in fact, they are not - contrary to standard defense reading. | | Explanation = Discard tiles indicating particular tiles as safe, when in fact, they are not - contrary to standard defense reading. | ||
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|Romaji=[[Scoring|Honba]] | |Romaji=[[Scoring|Honba]] | ||
|Kanji=本場 | |Kanji=本場 | ||
|English= | |English=Repeat counter | ||
|Explanation=A counter to indicate the number of hands in-between winning hands, usually indicated by 100-point sticks. | |Explanation=A counter to indicate the number of hands in-between winning hands, usually indicated by 100-point sticks. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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|Romaji=[[Agari|Houra]] | |Romaji=[[Agari|Houra]] | ||
|Kanji=和了 | |Kanji=和了 | ||
|English= | |English=Woned (past tense) | ||
|Explanation=To win a hand | |Explanation=To win a hand | ||
}} | }} | ||
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| Kanji = 加槓 | | Kanji = 加槓 | ||
| English = Upgraded kan | | English = Upgraded kan | ||
| Explanation = A kan that was upgraded from a | | Explanation = A kan that was upgraded from a tile grouped set, from a player's own draws or hand. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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| English = Added dora | | English = Added dora | ||
| Explanation = Additional dora indicators, when the call for kan is invoked. | | Explanation = Additional dora indicators, when the call for kan is invoked. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Atozuke|Kata agari]] | |||
| Kanji = 片和がり | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = A hand tenpai for at least one invalid tile. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Suji|Kata suji]] | |||
| Kanji = 片筋 | |||
| English = Half suji | |||
| Explanation = An outer tile along a suji interval. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Term list | {{Term list | ||
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|Kanji=槓子 | |Kanji=槓子 | ||
|English=Quad | |English=Quad | ||
|Explanation=A | |Explanation=A tile group of four identical tiles, which must be [[kan|declared as kan]] to be counted as such. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=Additional dora indicators revealed after calling [[kan]]. | |Explanation=Additional dora indicators revealed after calling [[kan]]. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Tenpai|Karaten]] | |||
|Kanji=カラテン | |||
|English=Empty tenpai | |||
|Explanation=The state of a [[tenpai]] hand, by which all available [[machi|waiting tiles]] are not available due to discards and/or [[dora|dora indicators]]. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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| Romaji = [[Tenpai#Keishiki tenpai|Keishiki tenpai]] | | Romaji = [[Tenpai#Keishiki tenpai|Keishiki tenpai]] | ||
| Kanji = 形式聴牌 | | Kanji = 形式聴牌 | ||
| English = | | English = | ||
| Explanation = A state of tenpai that | | Explanation = A state of tenpai that contains no yaku. As long as the hand is waiting for a tile that could exist anywhere outside a player's hand and calls, the hand is considered tenpai. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|Kanji=刻子 | |Kanji=刻子 | ||
|English=Triplet | |English=Triplet | ||
|Explanation=A | |Explanation=A tile group of three identical tiles. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|Kanji=喰い替え | |Kanji=喰い替え | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=A rule that allows you to call a tile, then discard another tile that could have completed the | |Explanation=A rule that allows you to call a tile, then discard another tile that could have completed the tile group. For example, calling a 1 when you have 234 and then discard a 4. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|Romaji=[[Mawashiuchi]] | |Romaji=[[Mawashiuchi]] | ||
|Kanji=回し打ち | |Kanji=回し打ち | ||
|English=Avoidance play | |||
|Explanation=The strategy of attempting to develop a hand, while discarding only safe tiles. | |||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Honitsu|Menhon]] | |||
|Kanji=メンホン | |||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation= | |Explanation=Abbreviation for [[Mentsumo|Menzen]]-[[Honitsu]], a Mixed-Flush hand in closed state. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|Romaji=[[Mentsu]] | |Romaji=[[Mentsu]] | ||
|Kanji=面子 | |Kanji=面子 | ||
|English= | |English=tile group, Group (tiles) | ||
|Explanation=The | |Explanation=The tile groups: koutsu, shuntsu, and [[Kan|kantsu]]. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|Kanji=門前 | |Kanji=門前 | ||
|English=Closed hand | |English=Closed hand | ||
|Explanation=A fully closed hand, thus no open | |Explanation=A fully closed hand, thus no open tile groups. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Mentsu|Minjun]] | |Romaji=[[Mentsu|Minjun]] | ||
|Kanji= | |Kanji=明順 | ||
|English=Open sequence | |English=Open sequence | ||
|Explanation=An open shuntsu, or a sequence of three consecutive tiles, formed by calling chii on the previously missing tile. A concealed shuntsu would be an anjun. | |Explanation=An open shuntsu, or a sequence of three consecutive tiles, formed by calling chii on the previously missing tile. A concealed shuntsu would be an anjun. | ||
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|English=Open triplet | |English=Open triplet | ||
|Explanation=An open [[koutsu]] made by calling a discarded tile. | |Explanation=An open [[koutsu]] made by calling a discarded tile. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Minogashi]] | |||
| Kanji = 見逃し | |||
| English = Let free | |||
| Explanation = The act of declining a winning tile. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Moupai]] | |||
| Kanji = 盲牌 | |||
| English = Blind touch | |||
| Explanation = The act of reading a tile by touch, instead of looking at the tile. | |||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Suji|Naka suji]] | |||
|Kanji=中筋 | |||
|English= Middle suji | |||
|Explanation= The center number along a suji interval. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|English=Invalid, off | |English=Invalid, off | ||
|Explanation=States that the preceding rule is not in effect. | |Explanation=States that the preceding rule is not in effect. | ||
:::For example, as in [[kuikae]] nashi for disallowing players to call a tile and immediately discard another tile which would have also completed the called | :::For example, as in [[kuikae]] nashi for disallowing players to call a tile and immediately discard another tile which would have also completed the called tile group. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|Romaji=[[Nobetan]] | |Romaji=[[Nobetan]] | ||
|Kanji=延べ単 | |Kanji=延べ単 | ||
|English= | |English=Extended [[tanki]] | ||
|Explanation=A double Tanki wait, e.g. 4567 waiting on 4 or 7. | |Explanation=A double Tanki wait, e.g. 4567 waiting on 4 or 7. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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| Romaji = [[Nomi]] | | Romaji = [[Nomi]] | ||
| Kanji = ノミ | | Kanji = ノミ | ||
| English = | | English = Only | ||
| Explanation = A term referring to a hand containing just a single [[yaku]] and no dora. The term is not applicable to [[nagashi mangan]] or [[yakuman]]. | | Explanation = A term referring to a hand containing just a single [[yaku]] and no dora. The term is not applicable to [[nagashi mangan]] or [[yakuman]]. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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|Romaji=[[Tenpai|Noten]] | |Romaji=[[Tenpai|Noten]] | ||
|Kanji=ノーテン | |Kanji=ノーテン | ||
|English= | |English= No tenpai | ||
|Explanation=When your hand is not in tenpai at the end of the round. | |Explanation=When your hand is not in tenpai at the end of the round. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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|Kanji=送り槓 | |Kanji=送り槓 | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=Four tiles that could be called for kan, but rather left undeclared in order to use the tiles for other | |Explanation=Four tiles that could be called for kan, but rather left undeclared in order to use the tiles for other tile groups. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|English=Off wind tiles | |English=Off wind tiles | ||
|Explanation=Non-bonus wind tiles. For example, if seated South in the East round, then Otakaze are West and North tiles. | |Explanation=Non-bonus wind tiles. For example, if seated South in the East round, then Otakaze are West and North tiles. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=Otoshi | |||
|Kanji=落とし | |||
|English=Dropping | |||
|Explanation=The act of dropping a tile. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|Romaji=[[Naki|Pon]] | |Romaji=[[Naki|Pon]] | ||
|Kanji=ポン | |Kanji=ポン | ||
|English= | |English=Open triplet | ||
|Explanation=A tile call used to make a [[Mentsu|minkou]] from an opponent’s discard. | |Explanation=A tile call used to make a [[Mentsu|minkou]] from an opponent’s discard. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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|Romaji=Riipai | |Romaji=Riipai | ||
|Kanji=理牌 | |Kanji=理牌 | ||
|English= | |English=Sorting | ||
|Explanation=Arranging the tiles in your hand. | |Explanation=Arranging the tiles in your hand. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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|Romaji=[[Ron]] | |Romaji=[[Ron]] | ||
|Kanji=栄 or ロン | |Kanji=栄 or ロン | ||
|English= | |English=Deal in | ||
|Explanation=A win using an opponent’s discard. | |Explanation=A win using an opponent’s discard. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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|English=Dice | |English=Dice | ||
|Explanation=The dice, used to determine dealer position and wall breaks. | |Explanation=The dice, used to determine dealer position and wall breaks. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Sakigiri]] | |||
| Kanji = 先切り | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = The act of discarding potentially dangerous tiles, before they actually become dangerous. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|Kanji=先付け | |Kanji=先付け | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation= | |Explanation=Same as atozuke. Some people think that sakizuke is the opposite of atozuke, but that is incorrect. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Term list | {{Term list | ||
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}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Sashikomi | |Romaji=[[Sashikomi]] | ||
|Kanji=差し込み | |Kanji=差し込み | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
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{{Term list | {{Term list | ||
| Romaji = [[Senten]] | | Romaji = [[Senten]] | ||
| Kanji = | | Kanji = センテン | ||
| English = | | English = | ||
| Explanation = A 1,000 point hand. | | Explanation = A 1,000 point hand. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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|English=Live tile | |English=Live tile | ||
|Explanation=A tile that has not yet been discarded this round. | |Explanation=A tile that has not yet been discarded this round. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=Shouhai | |||
|Kanji=少牌 | |||
|English=Short hand | |||
|Explanation=Having lesser tiles in hand. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|English=Number tiles | |English=Number tiles | ||
|Explanation=The number tiles. Also “suupai”. | |Explanation=The number tiles. Also “suupai”. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=Somete | |||
|Kanji=染め手 | |||
|English=Flushing hand | |||
|Explanation=A common saying of flushing hand, usually Honitsu (Half Flush) and Chinitsu (Full Flush). Literally means "dyeing hand". | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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|Explanation=To discard a tile. | |Explanation=To discard a tile. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=Taahai | |||
|Kanji=多牌 | |||
|English=Long hand | |||
|Explanation=Having too many tiles in hand. | |||
}} | |||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Taatsu]] | |Romaji=[[Taatsu]] | ||
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|English=Pair wait | |English=Pair wait | ||
|Explanation=A wait on a single tile to complete the pair. | |Explanation=A wait on a single tile to complete the pair. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=Tedashi | |||
|Kanji=手出し | |||
|English= | |||
|Explanation=To discard a tile originally from hand. Opposite of ''tsumogiri''. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
Line 972: | Line 1,056: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji= | |Romaji=Tsumogiri | ||
|Kanji=ツモ切り | |Kanji=ツモ切り | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=Discarding the tile that was just drawn. | |Explanation=Discarding the tile that was just drawn. Opposite of ''tedashi''. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Ukeire]] | |||
|Kanji=受け入れ | |||
|English= | |||
|Explanation=The tile count for a hand in order to reduce [[shanten]]. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
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{{Term list | {{Term list | ||
| Romaji = [[Urasuji]] | | Romaji = [[Urasuji]] | ||
| Kanji = | | Kanji = 裏筋 | ||
| English = Back vein | | English = Back vein | ||
| Explanation = The discarded tile that lies just outside of a dangerous wait, one count higher (or lower) and represent a kanchan wait being upgraded to a ryanmen one | | Explanation = The discarded tile that lies just outside of a dangerous wait, one count higher (or lower) and represent a kanchan wait being upgraded to a ryanmen one | ||
Line 1,030: | Line 1,120: | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=The tile walls, literally means "mountains". | |Explanation=The tile walls, literally means "mountains". | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Yamagoshi]] | |||
| Kanji = 山越し | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = A tactic of declining a winning tile, until after one's subsequent turn. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Damaten|Yamiten]] | |||
| Kanji = 闇聴 | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = Another word for "damaten". | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Yaochuuhai]] | |Romaji=[[Yaochuuhai]] | ||
|Kanji=幺九牌 | |Kanji=幺九牌 | ||
|English= | |English=1 and 9 tiles(?) | ||
|Explanation=All tiles numbered 1 and 9 (routouhai) plus characters (jihai). | |Explanation=All tiles numbered 1 and 9 (routouhai) plus characters (jihai). | ||
}} | }} | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* [http://www.osamuko.com/big-list-of-japanese-mahjong-terminology/ Terminology list at Osamuko] | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130130023921/http://www.osamuko.com/big-list-of-japanese-mahjong-terminology/ Terminology list at Osamuko] | ||
* [http://www.reachmahjong.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99#A Terminology list at ReachMahjong] | * [http://www.reachmahjong.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99#A Terminology list at ReachMahjong] | ||
[[Category:Terminology]] | [[Category:Terminology]] |
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