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List of terminology by alphabetical order: Difference between revisions
List of terminology by alphabetical order (view source)
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Naturally, the featured game is Japanese mahjong. Therefore, a multitude number of Japanese terminology are used. The following list includes the Japanese terminology, English equivalent, and the terminology usage. | Naturally, the featured game is [[Japanese mahjong]]. Therefore, a multitude number of Japanese mahjong [[terminology]] and other general Japanese words are used. The following list includes the Japanese terminology, English equivalent, and the terminology usage. None of the [[yaku]] are listed here. Instead, they have their own [[List of yaku|yaku list]]. | ||
For adding new words, use the [[template:term list|Term list template]]. | |||
==Terminology list== | ==Terminology list== | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Agari | |Romaji=[[Agari]] | ||
|Kanji=和がり | |Kanji=和がり | ||
|English=Win | |English=Win | ||
|Explanation=Generic | |Explanation=Generic call for winning a hand. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Agaripai]] | |||
|Kanji=和がり牌 | |||
|English=Winning tile | |||
|Explanation=The 14th tile that completes a hand. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Agariyame]] | |||
| Kanji = 和了り止め | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = An end game condition that allows the last dealer to declare the end of the game, when in possession of the first place position. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Aidayonken | |Romaji=[[Aidayonken]] | ||
|Kanji=間四軒 | |Kanji=間四軒 | ||
|English= | |English=Four in between | ||
|Explanation=An interval of four between two discarded number tiles. Usually indicates dangerous waits. A discarded 1 and 6 make a 2—5 wait very probable. | |Explanation=An interval of four between two discarded number tiles. Usually indicates dangerous waits. A discarded 1 and 6 make a 2—5 wait very probable. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Akapai | |Romaji=[[Dora|Akapai]] | ||
|Kanji=赤牌 | |Kanji=赤牌 | ||
|English=Red dora | |English=Red dora | ||
| Line 35: | Line 44: | ||
|Kanji=暗順 | |Kanji=暗順 | ||
|English=Concealed sequence | |English=Concealed sequence | ||
|Explanation=Three self-drawn consecutive tiles of the same suit, used as one of the four | |Explanation=Three self-drawn consecutive tiles of the same suit, used as one of the four tile groups in a regular hand. An open sequence would be a minjun, the general term for a sequence is shuntsu. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[ | |Romaji=[[Ankan]] | ||
|Kanji=暗槓 | |Kanji=暗槓 | ||
|English=Concealed kan | |English=Concealed kan | ||
| Line 47: | Line 56: | ||
|Kanji=暗刻 | |Kanji=暗刻 | ||
|English=Concealed triplet | |English=Concealed triplet | ||
|Explanation=Three self-drawn identical tiles, used as one of the four | |Explanation=Three self-drawn identical tiles, used as one of the four tile groups in a regular hand. Compare with the yaku names [[san ankou]] and [[suu ankou]]. An open triplet would be a minkou, and the general term for any triplet is koutsu. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 74: | Line 83: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Atama | |Romaji=[[jantou|Atama]] | ||
|Kanji=頭 | |Kanji=頭 | ||
|English=Pair, eye | |English=Pair, eye, head | ||
|Explanation=The pair in a standard mahjong hand. Also "jantou". | |Explanation=The pair in a standard mahjong hand. Also "jantou". | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Atamahane]] | |||
|Kanji=頭跳ね | |||
|English=Head bump | |||
|Explanation=A rule that allows only one Ron at a time; the closest to the discarder in turn order takes priority. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Atozuke]] | |Romaji=[[Atozuke]] | ||
|Kanji= | |Kanji=後付け | ||
|English=After-attach | |English=After-attach | ||
|Explanation=Allows a hand to win despite having no guaranteed yaku while in tenpai, as long as the winning tile generates a yaku | |Explanation=Allows a hand to win despite having no guaranteed yaku while in tenpai, as long as the winning tile generates a yaku. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[ | |Romaji=[[Genbutsu|Awaseuchi]] | ||
|Kanji=合わせ打ち | |Kanji=合わせ打ち | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
| Line 92: | Line 107: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Ba | |Romaji=[[Ba]] | ||
|Kanji=場 | |Kanji=場 | ||
|English=Wind round | |English=Wind round | ||
|Explanation=A “wind round”, e.g. tonba (east round) or nanba (south round). | |Explanation=A “wind round”, e.g. tonba (east round) or nanba (south round). | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Baiman]] | |||
| Kanji = 倍満 | |||
| English = Double slam | |||
| Explanation = A hand worth 8 to 10 han. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Bakahon | |Romaji=[[Honitsu|Bakahon]] | ||
|Kanji=バカホン | |Kanji=バカホン | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=Slang for '' | |Explanation=Slang for ''honitsu nomi'' with no extra yaku or dora. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Bakaze | |Romaji=[[Jikaze|Bakaze]] | ||
|Kanji=場風 | |Kanji=場風 | ||
|English=Round wind | |English=Round wind | ||
| Line 114: | Line 135: | ||
|English=Payment | |English=Payment | ||
|Explanation=A payment. Also “furikomi”. | |Explanation=A payment. Also “furikomi”. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Honba|Basengo]] | |||
|Kanji=場千五 | |||
|English= | |||
|Explanation=A rule where each honba counter is worth of 1500 points instead of the regular 300 points. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 131: | Line 158: | ||
|Kanji=加槓 | |Kanji=加槓 | ||
|English=Added kan | |English=Added kan | ||
|Explanation=A [[ | |Explanation=A [[kan|kantsu]] that was upgraded from a [[Mentsu|minkou]]. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Chii | |Romaji=[[Chii]] | ||
|Kanji=チー | |Kanji=チー | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
| Line 141: | Line 168: | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Chombo]] | |Romaji=[[Chombo]] | ||
|Kanji=冲合 | |Kanji=冲合,錯和 | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=A penalty | |Explanation=A penalty, applied to particularly unacceptable mahjong plays, such as winning with an invalid hand or destroying the wall. Typically, the penalty results in a [[Scoring|mangan]] payment to all players and restarts the current round. Otherwise, penalty values may be subject to [[Rule variations|variation]]. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Chunchan | |Romaji=[[Tanyao|Chunchan]] | ||
|Kanji=中張 | |Kanji=中張 | ||
|English= | |English=Simples | ||
|Explanation=The tiles numbered 2 through 8. | |Explanation=The zone of tiles numbered from 2 through 8, representing tiles that can be grouped with tiles on each of its sides. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji =[[Tanyao|Chunchanhai]] | |||
| Kanji =中張牌 | |||
| English =Simples | |||
| Explanation =The tiles in the zone numbered from 2 through 8. See tanyao for related yaku. Opposite of "yaochuuhai". | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Daburon | |Romaji=[[Naki|Daburon]] | ||
|Kanji=ダブロン | |Kanji=ダブロン | ||
|English=Double ron | |English=Double ron | ||
|Explanation=A rule that allows two people to | |Explanation=A rule that allows two people to simultaneously win from the same discarded tile. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[ | |Romaji=[[Daiminkan]] | ||
|Kanji=大明槓 | |Kanji=大明槓 | ||
|English=Open kan | |English=Open kan | ||
| Line 164: | Line 197: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[ | |Romaji=[[Damaten]] | ||
|Kanji=黙聴 | |Kanji=黙聴 | ||
|English=Hidden tenpai | |English=Hidden tenpai | ||
| Line 170: | Line 203: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Dejitaru | |Romaji=[[Digital|Dejitaru]] | ||
|Kanji=デジタル | |Kanji=デジタル | ||
|English=Digital | |English=Digital | ||
|Explanation=A school of thought focused on the outcome of a game, explained by probability and statistics. | |Explanation=A school of thought focused on the outcome of a game, explained by probability and statistics. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Dora]] | |||
| Kanji = ドラ | |||
| English = Bonus tile | |||
| Explanation = A feature to the game which rewards [[scoring|han]] to a hand, while in possession of tiles indicated by the revealed tile from the [[dead wall]]. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 180: | Line 219: | ||
|English=Dora indicator | |English=Dora indicator | ||
|Explanation=The flipped tile on the dead wall, indicating the dora. | |Explanation=The flipped tile on the dead wall, indicating the dora. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Enchousen]] | |||
| Kanji = 延長戦 | |||
| English = Overtime | |||
| Explanation = Extra game round, in the event where no player scores more than the target points at the end of a [[hanchan|normal game]]. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Fu | |Romaji=[[Fu]] | ||
|Kanji=符 | |Kanji=符 | ||
|English=Mini-points | |English=Mini-points | ||
|Explanation=A unit used to measure the hand's score, based on [[mentsu| | |Explanation=A unit used to measure the hand's score, based on [[mentsu|tile group]] and [[machi|wait]] composition. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 200: | Line 245: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Fuutei | |Romaji=[[Naki|Fuuro]] | ||
|Kanji=副露 | |||
|English=tile group | |||
|Explanation=Calling of discarded tile or closed kan, also "naki". | |||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Fu|Fuutei]] | |||
|Kanji=副底 | |Kanji=副底 | ||
|English=Base fu | |English=Base fu | ||
| Line 206: | Line 257: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Genbutsu | |Romaji=[[Genbutsu]] | ||
|Kanji=現物 | |Kanji=現物 | ||
|English=Safe tile | |English=Safe tile | ||
|Explanation=A 100% safe tile. | |Explanation=A 100% safe tile. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Goumii]] | |||
| Kanji = ゴーミー | |||
| English = Trash, garbage | |||
| Explanation = The cheapest tsumo value, of 500 points from the dealer and 300 points from the non-dealers. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = Gukei | |||
| Kanji = 愚形 | |||
| English = Bad shape | |||
| Explanation = Any hand considered to posses a bad shape. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = Gyakugiri | |||
| Kanji = 逆切り | |||
| English = Reverse cut | |||
| Explanation = A suit of tiles being discarded in reverse suji order. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Gyakuten]] | |||
| Kanji = 逆転 | |||
| English = Passing, reversal | |||
| Explanation = Refers to a situation, where a player passes up another player in points, at the end of the game. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Haipai | |Romaji=[[Haipai]] | ||
|Kanji=配牌 | |Kanji=配牌 | ||
|English=Start hand | |English=Start hand | ||
| Line 224: | Line 299: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Haiyama | |Romaji=[[Haiyama]] | ||
|Kanji=牌山 | |Kanji=牌山 | ||
|English=Wall | |English=Wall | ||
| Line 236: | Line 311: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Hanchan | |Romaji=[[Hanchan]] | ||
|Kanji=半荘 | |Kanji=半荘 | ||
|English=Full East-South game | |English=Full East-South game | ||
|Explanation=A game consisting of an East and South round. | |Explanation=A game consisting of an East and South round. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Haneman]] | |||
| Kanji = 跳満 | |||
| English = 1.5x Slam | |||
| Explanation = A hand worth 6 or 7 han. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 246: | Line 327: | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=A Shanpon or Tanki wait embedded inside a Shuntsu. For example, 4556 waiting on 5. | |Explanation=A Shanpon or Tanki wait embedded inside a Shuntsu. For example, 4556 waiting on 5. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = Hikkake | |||
| Kanji = 引っ掛け | |||
| English = Trap | |||
| Explanation = Discard tiles indicating particular tiles as safe, when in fact, they are not - contrary to standard defense reading. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Scoring|Honba]] | |Romaji=[[Scoring|Honba]] | ||
|Kanji=本場 | |Kanji=本場 | ||
|English= | |English=Repeat counter | ||
|Explanation=A counter to indicate the number of hands in-between winning hands, usually indicated by 100-point sticks. | |Explanation=A counter to indicate the number of hands in-between winning hands, usually indicated by 100-point sticks. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Houjuu | |Romaji=[[Naki|Houjuu]] | ||
|Kanji=放銃 | |Kanji=放銃 | ||
|English=Deal in | |English=Deal in | ||
| Line 260: | Line 347: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Houra | |Romaji=[[Agari|Houra]] | ||
|Kanji=和了 | |Kanji=和了 | ||
|English= | |English=Woned (past tense) | ||
|Explanation=To win a hand | |Explanation=To win a hand | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Line 269: | Line 356: | ||
|Kanji=河底牌 | |Kanji=河底牌 | ||
|English=Last discard | |English=Last discard | ||
|Explanation=The very last discarded tile for a hand. | |Explanation=The very last discarded tile for a hand, which may not subject to any tile calls other than "ron". | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Iichan | |Romaji=[[Hanchan|Iichan]] | ||
|Kanji=一荘 | |Kanji=一荘 | ||
|English=4 round game | |English=4 round game | ||
| Line 284: | Line 371: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Inchiki | |Romaji=[[Inchiki|Inchiki]] | ||
|Kanji= | |Kanji=インチキ | ||
|English= | |English=Rigging | ||
|Explanation= | |Explanation=Cheating by manipulating devices integral to the game (autodealer, game client) or outside it (cameras, telegraphs, radio). | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Jansou]] | |||
|Kanji=雀荘 | |||
|English=Mahjong parlor | |||
|Explanation=A public place specifically used to host and cater mahjong play | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 296: | Line 389: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[ | |Romaji=[[Jigokumachi]] | ||
|Kanji=地獄待ち | |Kanji=地獄待ち | ||
|English=Hell wait | |English=Hell wait | ||
| Line 311: | Line 398: | ||
|Kanji=字牌 | |Kanji=字牌 | ||
|English=Honor tiles | |English=Honor tiles | ||
|Explanation= | |Explanation=The honor tiles ([[sangenpai]] and [[kazehai]]). | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Jikaze | |Romaji=[[Jikaze]] | ||
|Kanji=自風 | |Kanji=自風 | ||
|English=Self wind | |English=Self wind | ||
| Line 330: | Line 417: | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=A tile-counting technique that measures the possibility of someone making Shuntsu based on how many instances of a tile are visible. | |Explanation=A tile-counting technique that measures the possibility of someone making Shuntsu based on how many instances of a tile are visible. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Kan|Kakan]] | |||
| Kanji = 加槓 | |||
| English = Upgraded kan | |||
| Explanation = A kan that was upgraded from a tile grouped set, from a player's own draws or hand. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Kamicha | |Romaji=[[Kamicha]] | ||
|Kanji=上家 | |Kanji=上家 | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=The player to the left of one's perspective. | |Explanation=The player to the left of one's perspective. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Kan|Kandora]] | |||
| Kanji = カンドラ | |||
| English = Added dora | |||
| Explanation = Additional dora indicators, when the call for kan is invoked. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Atozuke|Kata agari]] | |||
| Kanji = 片和がり | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = A hand tenpai for at least one invalid tile. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Suji|Kata suji]] | |||
| Kanji = 片筋 | |||
| English = Half suji | |||
| Explanation = An outer tile along a suji interval. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Kawa]] | |||
| Kanji = 河 | |||
| English = Pond, Discard pile | |||
| Explanation = Meaning "river". This describes the discarded tiles. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 341: | Line 458: | ||
|Kanji=槓子 | |Kanji=槓子 | ||
|English=Quad | |English=Quad | ||
|Explanation=A | |Explanation=A tile group of four identical tiles, which must be [[kan|declared as kan]] to be counted as such. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 360: | Line 471: | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=Additional dora indicators revealed after calling [[kan]]. | |Explanation=Additional dora indicators revealed after calling [[kan]]. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Tenpai|Karaten]] | |||
|Kanji=カラテン | |||
|English=Empty tenpai | |||
|Explanation=The state of a [[tenpai]] hand, by which all available [[machi|waiting tiles]] are not available due to discards and/or [[dora|dora indicators]]. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 366: | Line 483: | ||
|English=Winds | |English=Winds | ||
|Explanation=Wind tiles. | |Explanation=Wind tiles. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Tenpai#Keishiki tenpai|Keishiki tenpai]] | |||
| Kanji = 形式聴牌 | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = A state of tenpai that contains no yaku. As long as the hand is waiting for a tile that could exist anywhere outside a player's hand and calls, the hand is considered tenpai. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Kikenhai | |Romaji=[[Defense|Kikenhai]] | ||
|Kanji=危険牌 | |Kanji=危険牌 | ||
|English=Dangerous tile | |English=Dangerous tile | ||
| Line 374: | Line 497: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Kiru | |Romaji=[[Scoring|Kiriage Mangan]] | ||
|Kanji=切り上げ満貫 | |||
|English=Rounded Mangan | |||
|Explanation=A rule where 3 Han 60 Fu and 4 Han 30 Fu are rounded up to Mangan. | |||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Kiru]] | |||
|Kanji=切る | |Kanji=切る | ||
|English=Discard | |English=Discard | ||
| Line 383: | Line 512: | ||
|Kanji=刻子 | |Kanji=刻子 | ||
|English=Triplet | |English=Triplet | ||
|Explanation=A | |Explanation=A tile group of three identical tiles. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 389: | Line 518: | ||
|Kanji=喰い替え | |Kanji=喰い替え | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=A rule that allows you to call a tile, then discard another tile that could have completed the | |Explanation=A rule that allows you to call a tile, then discard another tile that could have completed the tile group. For example, calling a 1 when you have 234 and then discard a 4. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Kuisagari | |Romaji=[[Kuisagari]] | ||
|Kanji=喰い下がり | |Kanji=喰い下がり | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
| Line 407: | Line 536: | ||
|Kanji=局 | |Kanji=局 | ||
|English=Round, Hand session | |English=Round, Hand session | ||
|Explanation=A portion of the game, starting from the dealing of tiles and ends with the declaration of a win, [[Tochuu | |Explanation=A portion of the game, starting from the dealing of tiles and ends with the declaration of a win, [[Tochuu ryuukyoku|aborted hand]], or [[ryuukyoku|draw]]. Examples: East Round 1. South Round 2. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 414: | Line 543: | ||
|English=Wait pattern | |English=Wait pattern | ||
|Explanation=The tiles waiting for with a [[tenpai]] hand. | |Explanation=The tiles waiting for with a [[tenpai]] hand. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Mangan]] | |||
| Kanji = 満貫 | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = A cap applied to the [[Scoring|standard scoring equation]]. Hands worth 3 han 70+ fu. 4 han 40+ fu, or 5 han are valued at mangan. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 424: | Line 559: | ||
|Romaji=[[Mawashiuchi]] | |Romaji=[[Mawashiuchi]] | ||
|Kanji=回し打ち | |Kanji=回し打ち | ||
|English=Avoidance play | |||
|Explanation=The strategy of attempting to develop a hand, while discarding only safe tiles. | |||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Honitsu|Menhon]] | |||
|Kanji=メンホン | |||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation= | |Explanation=Abbreviation for [[Mentsumo|Menzen]]-[[Honitsu]], a Mixed-Flush hand in closed state. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Mentanpin | |Romaji=[[Mentanpin]] | ||
|Kanji=メンタンピン | |Kanji=メンタンピン | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=Abbreviation for Menzen-Tanyao-Pinfu, a common set of yaku. | |Explanation=Abbreviation for [[Mentsumo|Menzen]]-[[Tanyao]]-[[Pinfu]], a common set of yaku. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Mentsu]] | |Romaji=[[Mentsu]] | ||
|Kanji=面子 | |Kanji=面子 | ||
|English= | |English=tile group, Group (tiles) | ||
|Explanation=The | |Explanation=The tile groups: koutsu, shuntsu, and [[Kan|kantsu]]. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Menzen]] | |Romaji=[[Mentsumo|Menzen]] | ||
|Kanji=門前 | |Kanji=門前 | ||
|English=Closed hand | |English=Closed hand | ||
|Explanation=A fully closed hand, thus no open | |Explanation=A fully closed hand, thus no open tile groups. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 452: | Line 593: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Minjun | |Romaji=[[Mentsu|Minjun]] | ||
|Kanji= | |Kanji=明順 | ||
|English=Open sequence | |English=Open sequence | ||
|Explanation=An open shuntsu, or a sequence of three consecutive tiles, formed by calling chii on the previously missing tile. A concealed shuntsu would be an anjun. | |Explanation=An open shuntsu, or a sequence of three consecutive tiles, formed by calling chii on the previously missing tile. A concealed shuntsu would be an anjun. | ||
| Line 462: | Line 603: | ||
|English=Open triplet | |English=Open triplet | ||
|Explanation=An open [[koutsu]] made by calling a discarded tile. | |Explanation=An open [[koutsu]] made by calling a discarded tile. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Minogashi]] | |||
| Kanji = 見逃し | |||
| English = Let free | |||
| Explanation = The act of declining a winning tile. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Moupai]] | |||
| Kanji = 盲牌 | |||
| English = Blind touch | |||
| Explanation = The act of reading a tile by touch, instead of looking at the tile. | |||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Suji|Naka suji]] | |||
|Kanji=中筋 | |||
|English= Middle suji | |||
|Explanation= The center number along a suji interval. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 470: | Line 629: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Nan | |Romaji=[[Kazehai|Nan]] | ||
|Kanji=南 | |Kanji=南 | ||
|English=South | |English=South | ||
| Line 479: | Line 638: | ||
|Kanji=なし,ナシ,無し | |Kanji=なし,ナシ,無し | ||
|English=Invalid, off | |English=Invalid, off | ||
|Explanation=States that the preceding rule is not in effect, as in [[kuikae]] nashi for disallowing players to call a tile and immediately discard another tile which would have also completed the called | |Explanation=States that the preceding rule is not in effect. | ||
:::For example, as in [[kuikae]] nashi for disallowing players to call a tile and immediately discard another tile which would have also completed the called tile group. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 490: | Line 650: | ||
|Romaji=[[Nobetan]] | |Romaji=[[Nobetan]] | ||
|Kanji=延べ単 | |Kanji=延べ単 | ||
|English= | |English=Extended [[tanki]] | ||
|Explanation=A double Tanki wait, e.g. 4567 waiting on 4 or 7. | |Explanation=A double Tanki wait, e.g. 4567 waiting on 4 or 7. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Nomi]] | |||
| Kanji = ノミ | |||
| English = Only | |||
| Explanation = A term referring to a hand containing just a single [[yaku]] and no dora. The term is not applicable to [[nagashi mangan]] or [[yakuman]]. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Noten | |Romaji=[[Tenpai|Noten]] | ||
|Kanji=ノーテン | |Kanji=ノーテン | ||
|English= | |English= No tenpai | ||
|Explanation=When your hand is not in tenpai at the end of the round. | |Explanation=When your hand is not in tenpai at the end of the round. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Noten bappu | |Romaji=[[Ryuukyoku|Noten bappu]] | ||
|Kanji=ノーテン罰符 | |Kanji=ノーテン罰符 | ||
|English=Noten penalty | |English=Noten penalty | ||
| Line 512: | Line 678: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Occult | |Romaji=[[Occult|Okaruto]] | ||
|Kanji=オカルト | |Kanji=オカルト | ||
|English=Occult, Superstition | |English=Occult, Superstition | ||
| Line 518: | Line 684: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Oka | |Romaji=[[Uma|Oka]] | ||
|Kanji=オカ | |Kanji=オカ | ||
|English=Winner bonus | |English=Winner bonus | ||
| Line 526: | Line 692: | ||
|Romaji=[[Riichi|Oikake riichi]] | |Romaji=[[Riichi|Oikake riichi]] | ||
|Kanji=追いかけリーチ | |Kanji=追いかけリーチ | ||
|English=Riichi | |English=Riichi roulette | ||
|Explanation=To declare riichi after someone else rather than defend. | |Explanation=To declare riichi after someone else rather than defend. | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Line 533: | Line 699: | ||
|Kanji=送り槓 | |Kanji=送り槓 | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=Four tiles that could be called for kan, but rather left undeclared in order to use the tiles for other | |Explanation=Four tiles that could be called for kan, but rather left undeclared in order to use the tiles for other tile groups. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Oorasu | |Romaji=[[Kyoku|Oorasu]] | ||
|Kanji=オーラス | |Kanji=オーラス | ||
|English=All last, Last hand | |English=All last, Last hand | ||
| Line 548: | Line 714: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Oya | |Romaji=Otoshi | ||
|Kanji=落とし | |||
|English=Dropping | |||
|Explanation=The act of dropping a tile. | |||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Oya]] | |||
|Kanji=親 | |Kanji=親 | ||
|English=Dealer | |English=Dealer | ||
|Explanation=The dealer position, seated east | |Explanation=The dealer position, seated east | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=Pai | |||
|Kanji=牌 | |||
|English=Draw | |||
|Explanation=Generic term for a tile draw, usually attached to specific tile draws like "rinshanpai" or "haiteihai". | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 560: | Line 738: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Pei | |Romaji=[[Kazehai|Pei]] | ||
|Kanji=北 | |Kanji=北 | ||
|English=North | |English=North | ||
| Line 572: | Line 750: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Pinzu | |Romaji=[[Pinzu]] | ||
|Kanji=筒子 | |Kanji=筒子 | ||
|English=Dots, Circles | |English=Dots, Circles | ||
| Line 580: | Line 758: | ||
|Romaji=[[Naki|Pon]] | |Romaji=[[Naki|Pon]] | ||
|Kanji=ポン | |Kanji=ポン | ||
|English= | |English=Open triplet | ||
|Explanation=A tile call used to make a [[Mentsu|minkou]] from an opponent’s discard. | |Explanation=A tile call used to make a [[Mentsu|minkou]] from an opponent’s discard. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Renchan | |Romaji=[[Renchan]] | ||
|Kanji=連荘 | |Kanji=連荘 | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
| Line 590: | Line 768: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji= | |Romaji=Riipai | ||
|Kanji=理牌 | |Kanji=理牌 | ||
|English= | |English=Sorting | ||
|Explanation=Arranging the tiles in your hand. | |Explanation=Arranging the tiles in your hand. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[ | |Romaji=[[Rinshanpai]] | ||
|Kanji=嶺上牌 | |Kanji=嶺上牌 | ||
|English= | |English=Dead wall draw | ||
|Explanation=The tile drawn after making a Kan. | |Explanation=The tile drawn after making a Kan. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Ron | |Romaji=[[Ron]] | ||
|Kanji=栄 or ロン | |Kanji=栄 or ロン | ||
|English= | |English=Deal in | ||
|Explanation=A win using an opponent’s discard. | |Explanation=A win using an opponent’s discard. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Routouhai]] | |Romaji=[[Chinroutou|Routouhai]] | ||
|Kanji=老頭牌 | |Kanji=老頭牌 | ||
|English=Terminals | |English=Terminals | ||
|Explanation=The tiles numbered 1 and 9. | |Explanation=The tiles numbered 1 and 9. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Ryanhan shibari]] | |||
| Kanji = 二飜縛り | |||
| English = 2-han minimum | |||
| Explanation = A minimum limit of 2-han is applied to winning hands. Usually, this is applied when the honba count reaches 5. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 636: | Line 820: | ||
|English=Dice | |English=Dice | ||
|Explanation=The dice, used to determine dealer position and wall breaks. | |Explanation=The dice, used to determine dealer position and wall breaks. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Sakigiri]] | |||
| Kanji = 先切り | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = The act of discarding potentially dangerous tiles, before they actually become dangerous. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Sakizuke]] | |Romaji=[[Atozuke|Sakizuke]] | ||
|Kanji=先付け | |Kanji=先付け | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation= | |Explanation=Same as atozuke. Some people think that sakizuke is the opposite of atozuke, but that is incorrect. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Sanbaiman]] | |||
| Kanji = 三倍満 | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = A hand worth 11 or 12 han. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 651: | Line 847: | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Sanma]] | |Romaji=[[Sanma]] | ||
|Kanji= | |Kanji=三麻 | ||
|English=Three player, 3P | |English=Three player, 3P | ||
|Explanation=The game played with three players. | |Explanation=The game played with three players. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Sashikomi | |Romaji=[[Sashikomi]] | ||
|Kanji=差し込み | |Kanji=差し込み | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=Intentionally dealing into an opponent’s hand. | |Explanation=Intentionally dealing into an opponent’s hand. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Senten]] | |||
| Kanji = センテン | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = A 1,000 point hand. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Shaa | |Romaji=[[Kazehai|Shaa]] | ||
|Kanji=西 | |Kanji=西 | ||
|English=West | |English=West | ||
| Line 668: | Line 870: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Shabo | |Romaji=[[Shanpon|Shabo]] | ||
|Kanji=シャボ | |Kanji=シャボ | ||
|English=Dual pair | |English=Dual pair | ||
|Explanation=Abbreviation of | |Explanation=Abbreviation of shanpon. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 692: | Line 894: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Shimocha | |Romaji=[[Shimocha]] | ||
|Kanji=下家 | |Kanji=下家 | ||
|English=Right player | |English=Right player | ||
| Line 698: | Line 900: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Shoku | |Romaji=[[Mahjong equipment|Shoku]] | ||
|Kanji=色 | |Kanji=色 | ||
|English=Color | |English=Color | ||
| Line 710: | Line 912: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Shuntsu | |Romaji=Shouhai | ||
|Kanji= | |Kanji=少牌 | ||
|English=Short hand | |||
|Explanation=Having lesser tiles in hand. | |||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Shuntsu]] | |||
|Kanji=順子 | |||
|English=Sequence | |English=Sequence | ||
|Explanation=This is the generic term for, three consecutive tiles of the same suit, whether open or closed. Chii is used to call a tile to complete a shuntsu and set it aside as a minjun (open). A concealed (closed) shuntsu is an anjun. | |Explanation=This is the generic term for, three consecutive tiles of the same suit, whether open or closed. Chii is used to call a tile to complete a shuntsu and set it aside as a minjun (open). A concealed (closed) shuntsu is an anjun. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Shuupai | |Romaji=[[Tanyao|Shuupai]] | ||
|Kanji=数牌 | |Kanji=数牌 | ||
|English=Number tiles | |English=Number tiles | ||
|Explanation=The number tiles. Also “suupai”. | |Explanation=The number tiles. Also “suupai”. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=Somete | |||
|Kanji=染め手 | |||
|English=Flushing hand | |||
|Explanation=A common saying of flushing hand, usually Honitsu (Half Flush) and Chinitsu (Full Flush). Literally means "dyeing hand". | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 728: | Line 942: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Suji | |Romaji=[[Suji]] | ||
|Kanji=筋 | |Kanji=筋 | ||
|English=Tile interval | |English=Tile interval | ||
| Line 734: | Line 948: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Suupai | |Romaji=[[Tanyao|Suupai]] | ||
|Kanji=数牌 | |Kanji=数牌 | ||
|English=Number tiles | |English=Number tiles | ||
| Line 740: | Line 954: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Suteru | |Romaji=[[Kawa|Suteru]] | ||
|Kanji=捨てる | |Kanji=捨てる | ||
|English=To discard | |English=To discard | ||
| Line 746: | Line 960: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Taatsu | |Romaji=Taahai | ||
|Kanji=多牌 | |||
|English=Long hand | |||
|Explanation=Having too many tiles in hand. | |||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Taatsu]] | |||
|Kanji=塔子 | |Kanji=塔子 | ||
|English= | |English=Protogroup | ||
|Explanation= | |Explanation=Any tile pair that can be turned into a tile group, or [[Mentsu|shuntsu]], with one more tile. For example, 46 can be completed with a 5. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Takame | |Romaji=[[Yasume|Takame]] | ||
|Kanji=高目 | |Kanji=高目 | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
| Line 768: | Line 988: | ||
|English=Pair wait | |English=Pair wait | ||
|Explanation=A wait on a single tile to complete the pair. | |Explanation=A wait on a single tile to complete the pair. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=Tedashi | |||
|Kanji=手出し | |||
|English= | |||
|Explanation=To discard a tile originally from hand. Opposite of ''tsumogiri''. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 773: | Line 999: | ||
|Kanji=点棒 | |Kanji=点棒 | ||
|English=Point sticks | |English=Point sticks | ||
|Explanation=Point sticks. | |Explanation=Point sticks used for manual scoring. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 786: | Line 1,012: | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=The advantage of rounding up to the higher 10 fu mark, when just crossing the previous 10 fu. Example: Being 2 fu above 30 fu, allowing an above rounding of 40 fu. | |Explanation=The advantage of rounding up to the higher 10 fu mark, when just crossing the previous 10 fu. Example: Being 2 fu above 30 fu, allowing an above rounding of 40 fu. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Tobi]] | |||
| Kanji = トビ | |||
| English = Bankrupt, Negative | |||
| Explanation = The condition by which players points fall below zero (go into negative). | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[Tochuu | |Romaji=[[Tochuu ryuukyoku]] | ||
|Kanji=途中流局 | |Kanji=途中流局 | ||
|English=Abortive draw | |English=Abortive draw | ||
| Line 794: | Line 1,026: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Toitsu | |Romaji=[[Toitsu]] | ||
|Kanji=対子 | |Kanji=対子 | ||
|English=Pair | |English=Pair | ||
| Line 800: | Line 1,032: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Toimen | |Romaji=[[Toimen]] | ||
|Kanji=対面 | |Kanji=対面 | ||
|English=Across | |English=Across | ||
| Line 806: | Line 1,038: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Ton | |Romaji=[[Kazehai|Ton]] | ||
|Kanji=東 | |Kanji=東 | ||
|English=East | |English=East | ||
| Line 818: | Line 1,050: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Tsumo | |Romaji=[[Tsumo]] | ||
|Kanji=自摸 | |Kanji=自摸 | ||
|English=Self-draw | |English=Self-draw | ||
| Line 824: | Line 1,056: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji= | |Romaji=Tsumogiri | ||
|Kanji=ツモ切り | |Kanji=ツモ切り | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=Discarding the tile that was just drawn. | |Explanation=Discarding the tile that was just drawn. Opposite of ''tedashi''. | ||
}} | |||
{{term list | |||
|Romaji=[[Ukeire]] | |||
|Kanji=受け入れ | |||
|English= | |||
|Explanation=The tile count for a hand in order to reduce [[shanten]]. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 836: | Line 1,074: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=[[ | |Romaji=[[Uradora]] | ||
|Kanji=裏ドラ | |Kanji=裏ドラ | ||
|English=Underneath dora | |English=Underneath dora | ||
|Explanation=Additional dora located underneath previously revealed dora indicators, which can be earned by winning with [[riichi]]. | |Explanation=Additional dora located underneath previously revealed dora indicators, which can be earned by winning with [[riichi]]. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Urasuji]] | |||
| Kanji = 裏筋 | |||
| English = Back vein | |||
| Explanation = The discarded tile that lies just outside of a dangerous wait, one count higher (or lower) and represent a kanchan wait being upgraded to a ryanmen one | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Wanpai | |Romaji=[[Wanpai]] | ||
|Kanji=王牌 | |Kanji=王牌 | ||
|English=[[Dead wall]] | |English=[[Dead wall]] | ||
| Line 848: | Line 1,092: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Wareme | |Romaji=[[Wareme]] | ||
|Kanji=割れ目 | |Kanji=割れ目 | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=A rule that doubles any payment involving the player whose wall was broken at the start of | |Explanation=A rule that doubles any payment involving the player whose wall was broken at the start of the hand. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 857: | Line 1,101: | ||
|Kanji=焼き鳥 | |Kanji=焼き鳥 | ||
|English=Winless game | |English=Winless game | ||
|Explanation=A | |Explanation=A game, by which a player did not win at least one hand during a [[hanchan|game]] . | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 863: | Line 1,107: | ||
|Kanji=役 | |Kanji=役 | ||
|English=Hand pattern | |English=Hand pattern | ||
|Explanation=A scoring pattern or condition in the hand that awards han, such as [[Tanyao]] or [[Toitoi]]. | |Explanation=A required scoring pattern or condition in the hand that awards han, such as [[Tanyao]] or [[Toitoi]]. | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Yakuman]] | |||
| Kanji = 役満 | |||
| English = Limit hand | |||
| Explanation = A hand worth 13 han or more, or a specific pattern among the yakuman classed hand patterns. Maximum points for a pattern is awarded without aotenjou applied. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
| Line 870: | Line 1,120: | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
|Explanation=The tile walls, literally means "mountains". | |Explanation=The tile walls, literally means "mountains". | ||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Yamagoshi]] | |||
| Kanji = 山越し | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = A tactic of declining a winning tile, until after one's subsequent turn. | |||
}} | |||
{{Term list | |||
| Romaji = [[Damaten|Yamiten]] | |||
| Kanji = 闇聴 | |||
| English = | |||
| Explanation = Another word for "damaten". | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Yaochuuhai | |Romaji=[[Yaochuuhai]] | ||
|Kanji=幺九牌 | |Kanji=幺九牌 | ||
|English= | |English=1 and 9 tiles(?) | ||
|Explanation=All tiles numbered 1 and 9 (routouhai) plus characters (jihai). | |Explanation=All tiles numbered 1 and 9 (routouhai) plus characters (jihai). | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Line 884: | Line 1,146: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{term list | {{term list | ||
|Romaji=Yasume | |Romaji=[[Yasume]] | ||
|Kanji=安目 | |Kanji=安目 | ||
|English= | |English= | ||
| Line 895: | Line 1,157: | ||
|Explanation=A strategy that attempts to win a hand at all costs while ignoring the possibility of dealing into an opponent’s hand. | |Explanation=A strategy that attempts to win a hand at all costs while ignoring the possibility of dealing into an opponent’s hand. | ||
}} | }} | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
[http://www.osamuko.com/big-list-of-japanese-mahjong-terminology/ Terminology list at Osamuko] | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130130023921/http://www.osamuko.com/big-list-of-japanese-mahjong-terminology/ Terminology list at Osamuko] | ||
* [http://www.reachmahjong.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99#A Terminology list at ReachMahjong] | |||
[[Category:Terminology]] | [[Category:Terminology]] | ||