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'''Mentsu''' | '''Mentsu''' {{kana|面子}}, known as "tile groups", "melds", or "sets" in English, are used to create a winning hand. They are subdivided into four types: '''shuntsu''' (sequence), '''koutsu''' (three-of-a-kind), '''kantsu''' (four-of-a-kind), and '''jantou''' (pair). They are further categorized by their state being "open" or "closed". | ||
==The | Forming these groups is a central part of [[Tile efficiency|developing a mahjong hand]], because it is required for attaining [[tenpai]] and completing hands altogether. Two main factors go towards the formation of these tile groups: suit and number (or type). | ||
==The tile groups== | |||
Mahjong features four types of tiles in terms of suits: the numbered suits and [[honor]]s. Every tile group ''must'' be of a single suit - therefore, a mix of suits would be [[chombo|invalid]]. | |||
In addition, honor tiles can only be used by themselves. An honor tile group must be made out of identical copies of one honor tile; you cannot mix different honor tiles together. In other words, honors can be used in pairs/triplets/quads, but not sequences. | |||
===Shuntsu=== | ===Shuntsu=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" width=50% | |||
|- | |||
| align=center|{{#mjt: 123m}} || align=center| {{#mjt: 1'23p}} || align=center| {{#mjt: 2'13s}} | |||
|- | |||
| Anjun - Closed || Minjun - Open || Minjun - Open (middle number called) | |||
|} | |||
'''Shuntsu''' {{kana|順子}} (sequences) is a tile group consisting of three sequential numbered tiles. Note that 9 does not "wrap around" to 1 - you cannot have sequences of "891" or "912". In addition, you cannot make sequences by using honor tiles. | |||
Self-drawn sequences are called '''anjun''' {{kana|暗順}}. The open variety are '''minjun''' {{kana|明順}}. To form a '''minjun''', players are limited to calling tiles from [[kamicha]], or the player from the left. Discarded tiles from the other two players, that are needed to complete this meld cannot be called upon. Furthermore, an added restriction is applied by [[kuikae]], which applies to calls off of previously completed sequences. | |||
===Koutsu=== | ===Koutsu=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" width=22% | |||
|- | |||
| align=center|{{#mjt: 111z}} || align=center| {{#mjt: 333'z}} | |||
|- | |||
| Ankou - Closed || Minkou - Open | |||
|} | |||
'''Koutsu''' {{kana|刻子}} is a tile group consisting of three of the same type of tiles. In English, koutsu are referred as "triplets". Players may develop '''minkou''' {{kana|明刻}} (open triplets) by calling on a discarded tile while already having a pair of said tile. | |||
===Kantsu=== | ===Kantsu=== | ||
{{main|Kan}} | {{main|Kan}} | ||
{| class="wikitable" width=50% | |||
|- | |||
| align=center width=33%|{{#mjt: 0z99p0z}} || align=center width=33%| {{#mjt: 5555'm}} || align=center width=33%| {{#mjt:77"7s}} | |||
|- | |||
| Ankan - Closed || Minkan - Open || Shouminkan - Open (added) | |||
|} | |||
Tile groups involving four-of-a-kind take on a different nature than the other tile groups. '''Kantsu''' {{kana|槓子}} must be declared by [[kan]], to be useful. Kan is a special [[Naki|tile call]] in the game. This call forms a meld from four identical tiles. After the declaration of "kan", then a special set of rules are invoked. | |||
=== Jantou === | |||
{{main|Jantou}} | |||
This is the pair of the hand, or the '''jantou''' {{kana|雀}}. The terms '''mentsu''' and '''group''' do not refer to the pair, but only to the triplets, quads, and sequences. | |||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
[[Category: | {{jpwiki|面子}} | ||
* [http://www.japanesemahjong.net/mahjong-rules/gameplay/ Overview] | |||
[[Category:Mentsu]] | |||