Mentsu: Difference between revisions

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Les '''mentsu''' {{kana|面子}} sont les groupes de tuiles utilisés dans le jeu[[Mahjong|jeu]].  Les groupes sont similaires à ceux présents au gin rummy, jeu de cartes commun, où que le but du jeu est de composer des groupes avec l'ensemble de sa mainIls sont présent en quatre types : '''shuntsu''' pour les séquences, '''koutsu''' pour les brelans, '''kantsu''' pour les carrés, et '''jantou''' pour la paire finale (techniquement pas parmi les mentsu).  Ils sont aussi sous-divisés en visibilité : ils peuvent être '''exposés''' ou '''cachés'''La formation de ces groupes de tuiles est fondamentale au jeu et l'étude de celle-ci est essentielle à comprendre le [[Optimisation|développement de sa main au mah-jong]], sans quoi on ne peut atteindre les phases finales d'être [[tenpaï]] et de finir sa mainLes deux facteurs contribuant à la formation de groupes sont leur [[couleur]] et leur valeur numérique (ou type si aucune valeur numérique).
'''Mentsu''' {{kana|面子}} are the tile groups used for the [[Japanese mahjong|game]].  The groups follow a similar pattern to the regular card game, gin rummy, where the focus is on groups of three tiles and sometimes fourThey are subdivided into four types: '''shuntsu''' (sequence), '''koutsu''' (three-of-a-kind), '''kantsu''' (four-of-a-kind), and '''jantou''' (pair).  They are further categorized by their state being "open" or "closed"Forming these groups is a central part of [[Tile efficiency|developing a mahjong hand]], because it is required for attaining [[tenpai]] and completing hands altogetherTwo main factors go towards the formation of these tile groups: suit and number (or type).


==Les couleurs des tuiles==
==The tile groups==
Le mah-jong possède trois grandes familles appelés couleurs, ainsi que d'une quatrième famille de tuiles qui sont les [[jihai|jihai]].  Tout groupe de tuiles doit absolument être composé de tuiles de la même famille : ainsi, il est impossible d'avoir un groupe de couleurs mixtesIl est [[Chombo|illégal]] de posséder un tel groupement dans une main gagnante, car la main ne pourrait jamais être complétée. Les vents et dragons ont une restriction supplémentaire, tel que les seuls groupes pouvant être formés légalement sont les paires, brelans et carrés. Aucune suite n'existe pour cette famille. Pour compléter ces groupes, les joueurs doivent soit piger du mur ou bien [[Naki|appeler]] une tuile écartée, tant qu'un joueur possède déjà 2 des trois tuiles d'un groupe à compléterTout groupe de tuiles ayant fait l'objet d'une réquisition de tuiles pour sa complétion est considéré comme un groupe exposé.  
Mahjong features four types of tiles in terms of suits: the numbered suits and [[jihai|honors]].  Every tile group must be single-suited; and thus, a tile group cannot be of mixed suitIt is [[Chombo|improper]] to possess such a mix when declaring a win, as the hand would not be complete.   Honor tiles take an even greater restriction, by which tile groups must be of particular tiles.  Different honor tiles cannot be mixed with suited tiles or other honor tiles. Tiles among honor groups must be identical to each other. To complete these any of these tile groups, players must either self-draw from the wall or may [[Naki|call on discarded tiles]], presuming that two out of three of a tile group are in possessionWhile the tile groups are subdivided into three categories, they are further subdivided into the state of being open or closed.


===Shuntsu===
===Shuntsu===
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[[Category:Mentsu]]
[[Category:Mentsu]]
[[en:Mentsu]]

Latest revision as of 16:19, 11 May 2015

Mentsu 「面子」 are the tile groups used for the game. The groups follow a similar pattern to the regular card game, gin rummy, where the focus is on groups of three tiles and sometimes four. They are subdivided into four types: shuntsu (sequence), koutsu (three-of-a-kind), kantsu (four-of-a-kind), and jantou (pair). They are further categorized by their state being "open" or "closed". Forming these groups is a central part of developing a mahjong hand, because it is required for attaining tenpai and completing hands altogether. Two main factors go towards the formation of these tile groups: suit and number (or type).

The tile groups

Mahjong features four types of tiles in terms of suits: the numbered suits and honors. Every tile group must be single-suited; and thus, a tile group cannot be of mixed suit. It is improper to possess such a mix when declaring a win, as the hand would not be complete. Honor tiles take an even greater restriction, by which tile groups must be of particular tiles. Different honor tiles cannot be mixed with suited tiles or other honor tiles. Tiles among honor groups must be identical to each other. To complete these any of these tile groups, players must either self-draw from the wall or may call on discarded tiles, presuming that two out of three of a tile group are in possession. While the tile groups are subdivided into three categories, they are further subdivided into the state of being open or closed.

Shuntsu

Anjun - Closed Minjun - Open Minjun - Open (middle number called)

Shuntsu 「順子」 is a tile group consisting of three sequential numbered tiles. Self-drawn sequences are called anjun 「暗順」. The open variety are minjun 「明順」.

To form a minjun, players are limited to calling tiles from kamicha, or the player from the left. Discarded tiles from the other two players, that are needed to complete this meld cannot be called upon. Furthermore, an added restriction is applied by kuikae, which applies to calls off of previously completed sequences.

Koutsu

Ankou - Closed Minkou - Open

Koutsu 「刻子」 is a tile group, consisting of three of the same type of tiles. In English, koutsu are referred as "triplets". Players may develop minkou 「明刻」 (open triplets) by calling on discarded tiles, while in possession of pairs.

Kantsu

Ankan - Closed Minkan - Open Shouminkan - Open (added)

Tile groups involving four-of-a-kind take on a different nature than the other tile groups. Kantsu 「槓子」 must be declared by kan, to be useful. Kan is a special tile call in the game. This call forms a meld from four identical tiles. After the declaration of "kan", then a special set of rules are invoked.

Jantou

This is the pair of the hand, or the jantou 「雀」. The terms mentsu and group do not refer to the pair, but only to the triplets, quads, and sequences.

External links

Mentsu in Japanese Wikipedia