End game scenarios
Normally, the game ends after the dealer loses in South 4 (for hanchans) or East 4 (tonpussen). However, depending on the rules, the game might not end. Alternatively, the game can end early if a player runs out of points.
Oorasu
Oorasu 「オーラス」, or "all last", is the term used for the last round of the game. This is South 4 for hanchans, and East 4 for East-only rounds. Naturally, if the current dealer wins, the game can go on for another renchan. Once the dealer fails to renchan, and the top player has reached the goal score, the game ends.
Depending on the ruleset, the current dealer may be allowed (or forced) to end the game in all last. This is a rule known as agariyame.
Goal Score
The target score is the minimum score that the top player must have in order to end the game. It is set before the game starts. Usually, players start with 25,000 points with a goal score of 30,000 points - but this can change depending on the ruleset.
Enchousen
If first place's points are below the goal score by all last, the game starts an enchousen 「延長戦」, or an extra "sudden death" round. During enchousen, when a player wins a hand and scores above the goal score, the game ends. However, ryuukyoku cannot end the game.
Rulesets will differ on how many enchousen rounds a game can go. Some rulesets only allow one wind's worth of hands maximum: if the game goes on past West 4 (hanchans) or South 4 (Tonpuusen), the game ends, even though no one reached the goal score. Other rules do not have a target score and thus do not have enchousen.
Tobi
Tobi 「トビ」 is a rule that ends the game once a player falls below 0 points. Some game settings disable tobi, thus allowing the game to continue even when a player goes negative. Tobi is often disabled for televised games, which do not desire the premature ending to a game.
Agariyame
Agariyame 「和了り止め」 is a specialized rule which dictates what the last dealer can do during all last. There are three main settings:
- A dealer must start a new renchan if they win in all last, even if in 1st place.
- Any dealer, regardless of place, can choose to end the round once they win in all last.
- A 1st-place dealer must end the game once they win in all last. Non-1st place dealers must renchan if they win.
If tenpai-renchan is enabled, the same rules apply for a dealer in tenpai as they do for winning. Regardless, this setting affects all players' ability to change placement.