List of terminology translations: Difference between revisions

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List of terminology translations (view source)

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| Basic B || 30041 || toitsu || 「対子」 || {en} || [une] paire || {de}  
| Basic B || 30041 || toitsu || 「対子」 || {en} || [une] paire || {de}  
|-
|-
| Basic B || 30051 || taatsu || 「」 || {en} || [un] protogroupe || {de}  
| Basic B || 30051 || taatsu || 「塔子」 || {en} || [un] protogroupe || {de}  
|-
|-
| Basic B || 30061 || jantou || 「雀頭」 || {en} || [la] paire finale || [---] Schlusspaar  
| Basic B || 30061 || jantou || 「雀頭」 || {en} || [la] paire finale || [---] Schlusspaar  
Line 388: Line 388:
== External links ==
== External links ==
[[Category:Terminology]]
[[Category:Terminology]]
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
!Japanese
!Kanji
!Explanation
|-
|agari 和がり·agari
| 和がり
| Winning a hand, e.g. tsumo-agari, ron-agari.
|-
|aidayonken 間四軒·aidayonken
| 間四軒
| An interval of four between two discarded number tiles. Usually indicates dangerous waits. A discarded 1 and 6 make a 2—5 wait very probable.
|-
|akapai 赤牌·akapai
| 赤牌
| Red tiles that count as Dora. Usually (but not always) fives.
|-
|an 暗·an
| 暗
| Means "dark", refers to tiles that are concealed in the hand.
|-
|anpai 安牌·anpai
| 安牌
| Safe tile.
|-
|aotenjou 青天井·aotenjou
| 青天井
| No limits, e.g. 5-han 30-fu becomes worth 15400 points instead of being capped at Mangan (8000).
|-
|ariari アリアリ·ariari
| アリアリ
| Ruleset which allows kuitan and atozuke. Most common basic set of rules in Japan.
|-
|atama 頭·atama
| 頭
| The pair in a standard mahjong hand (four groups and one pair). Also "jantou".
|-
|atamahane 頭跳ね·atamahane
| 頭跳ね
| A rule that allows only one Ron at a time -- the closest to the discarder in turn order takes priority.
|-
|atozuke 先付け·atozuke
| 先付け
| A rule that allows hands without yaku to ron if the winning tile would create a yaku. (antonym: sakizuke)
|-
|awaseuchi 合わせ打ち·awaseuchi
| 合わせ打ち
| Discarding the same tile as someone else, to avoid dealing into their hand.
|-
|ba 場·ba
| 場
| A "wind round", e.g. tonba (east round) or nanba (south round).
|-
|baiman 倍満·baiman
| 倍満
| Hand with 8 to 10 han, worth 16000 points (24000 for the dealer).
|-
|bakaze 場風·bakaze
| 場風
| Round wind.
|-
|barai 払い·barai
| 払い
| A payment (also "furikomi").
|-
|bazoro 場ゾロ·bazoro
| 場ゾロ
| The two base Han used when calculating score, given by default rather than from yaku.
|-
|betaori ベタ降り·betaori
| ベタ降り
| A strategy that focuses entirely on avoiding dealing into opponents' hands, with no intention of advancing one's own hand.
|-
|chiihou 地和·chiihou
| 地和
| [Yakuman] Non-dealer wins of the first drawn tile (on an uninterruped turn).
|-
|chombo chonbo 冲合 錯和·chombo
| 錯和
| [score -= mangan] A term to designate major penalties (invalid ron, overturning the wall, other fouls) that result in a mangan payment split to your opponents. The hand is considered null and void, riichi deposits are returned, no repeater added. (Dealer may lose the deal depending on local rules.)
|-
|chunchan 中張·chunchan
| 中張
| The zone of tiles numbered from 2 through 8, representing tiles that can be grouped with tiles on each of its sides.
|-
|chunchanhai chunchan hai 中張牌·chunchanhai
| 中張牌
| The tiles in the zone numbered from 2 through 8. See tanyao for related yaku. (opposite: yaochuuhai)
|-
|daburon ダブロン·daburon
| ダブロン
| A rule that allows two people to Ron the same tile.
|-
|daiminkan 大明槓·daiminkan
| 大明槓
| An open kan made by calling a discarded tile.
|-
|daisuushi 大四喜·daisuushi
| 大四喜
| [2x Yakuman] Hand composed with sets (3 or 4 tiles) of each the east, south, west and north winds. The pair can be anything legal.
|-
|damaten 黙聴·damaten
| 黙聴
| Silent tenpai, without calling riichi.
|-
|dead wall wanpai 王牌·dead wall
| 王牌
| The 14 tiles that are considered to be out of play. One tile in the third stack is visible as a dora indicator. If replacement tiles are taken from the first two stacks, the wall is replenished from the last tiles normally “in play”.
|-
|dealer oya 親·dealer
| 親
| The dealer position is referred to as oya (parent), in opposition to other players designated as ko (children), The oya is entitled to a 50% bonus on wins, but pays 50% (twice the others' payments) in case of opponent self-draw.
|-
|digital デジタル·digital
| デジタル
| A school of thought that opposes Occult and believes that the outcome of a game can be explained by probability and statistics.
|-
|discard area pond kawa 河·discard area/pond
| 河
| Means "river".
|-
|discard kiru cut 切る·discard
| 切る
| Means "to cut".
|-
|dora ドラ·dora
| ドラ
| A tile designated to provide a bonus, as indicated by the dora indicator (dora hyoujihai). The 4 tiles designated provide a bonus han each.
|-
|dorahyouji ドラ表示·dorahyouji
| ドラ表示
| The tile in the dead wall indicating the dora, visibly flipped in the third stack. The actual dora flipped is the following tile in the same suit, nines designate the one as dora, winds E->S->W->N->E, dragons Red->White->Green->Red.
|-
|dragons sangenpai 三元牌·dragons
| 三元牌
| The tile group to designate any of the three dragons.
|-
|fanpai 自風/場風·fanpai
| 自風/場風
| [1-han yaku] A meld of the round or seat wind. Worth 2 han if round and seat wind are the same.
|-
|furikomi 振り込み·furikomi
| 振り込み
| A payment, also "barai".
|-
|furiten 振聴·furiten
| 振聴
| To be Tenpai and waiting on a tile that you have already discarded.
|-
|fuutei 副底·fuutei
| 副底
| The 20 base Fu used when calculating score, given by default rather than from composition.
|-
|genbutsu 現物·genbutsu
| 現物
| A 100% safe tile.
|-
|haipai 配牌·haipai
| 配牌
| The distribution of tiles to all players at the beginning of a round.
|-
|haiteihai 海底牌·haiteihai
| 海底牌
| The last drawable tile in the wall.
|-
|hanchan 半荘·hanchan
| 半荘
| A game consisting of an East and South round. Most common in Japanese Mahjong.
|-
|haneman 跳満·haneman
| 跳満
| Hand with 6 or 7 han, worth 12000 points (18000 for the dealer).
|-
|harabote 腹ボテ·harabote
| 腹ボテ
| A Shanpon or Tanki wait embedded inside a Shuntsu. For example, 4556 waiting on 5.
|-
|honba 本場·honba
| 本場
| The number of consecutive Ren Chans, usually indicated by 100-point sticks.
|-
|houjuu 放銃·houjuu
| 放銃
| To deal into a hand.
|-
|houra 和了·houra
| 和了
| To win a hand, e.g. Tsumo-hou, Ron-hou. Also found in a few yaku names like "Toitoi-hou".
|-
|houteihai 河底牌·houteihai
| 河底牌
| The tile discarded by the player who just drew the Haitei-hai.
|-
|iichan 一荘·iichan
| 一荘
| A game consisting of East, South, West, and North rounds. More common in Chinese variants.
|-
|ikasama イカサマ·ikasama
| イカサマ
| To cheat using sleight of hand, etc.
|-
|inchiki インチキ·inchiki
| インチキ
| To cheat using hacks, bug exploits, etc.
|-
|jigokumachi hell wait 地獄待ち·jigokumachi
| 地獄待ち
| A wait in which all but one of the winning tiles are visible or claimed.
|-
|jihai 字牌·jihai
| 字牌
| Character tiles (sangenpai + kazehai).
|-
|jikaze 自風·jikaze
| 自風
| Seat wind.
|-
|jun 巡·jun
| 巡
| The turn number within a round.
|-
|kakan chakan 加槓·chakan
| 加槓
| A kan that was upgraded from a melded set, from a player's own draws or hand.
|-
|kamicha 上家·kamicha
| 上家
| The player to your left.
|-
|kanchan 嵌張·kanchan
| 嵌張
| A wait that completes the inside of a run, e.g. 46 waiting on 5.
|-
|kandora カンドラ·kandora
| カンドラ
| A rule that causes more Dora indicators to be flipped when a Kan is made.
|-
|kazehai 風牌·kazehai
| 風牌
| Wind tiles.
|-
|kikenhai 危険牌·kikenhai
| 危険牌
| Dangerous tile.
|-
|kiriage mangan 切り上げ満貫·kiriage mangan
| 切り上げ満貫
| Rule setting increasing scores close to mangan to be valued as mangan (e.g. 4 han 30 fu, or 3 han 60 fu) instead of 7700 or 11600 points.
|-
|kiru 切る·kiru
| 切る
| To discard a tile.
|-
|kuikae 喰い替え·kuikae
| 喰い替え
| A rule that allows you to call a tile, then discard another tile that could have completed the meld. For example, to Chi 123 and discard a 4.
|-
|kuisagari 喰い下がり·kuisagari
| 喰い下がり
| A property of some yaku that reduces the value by 1 han when the hand is open. See chanta, junchan, honitsu, chinitsu, ittsu.
|-
|kuitan 喰い断·kuitan
| 喰い断
| A rule that allows Tanyao to be open.
|-
|kyoku 局·kyoku
| 局
| A round that begins with the dealing of tiles and ends with the declaration of a win or draw. 4 per wind round, e.g. East 1st round, East 2nd round, etc.
|-
|machi 待ち·machi
| 待ち
| A tenpai hand's wait, e.g. Ryanmen, Kanchan, etc.
|-
|mangan 満貫·mangan
| 満貫
| Hand with 5 han (all), 4 han (many, with 32+ fu) or 3 han (rare, with 62+ fu), worth 8000 points (12000 for the dealer).
|-
|mawashiuchi 回し打ち·mawashiuchi
| 回し打ち
| Attempting to both win a hand and deal only safe tiles. Pretty hard unless you have really good radar.
|-
|menzen 門前·menzen
| 門前
| A fully closed hand (no open melds).
|-
|min 明·min
| 明
| Means "light", refers to tiles that have been exposed by calling.
|-
|nagashi mangan 流し満貫·nagashi mangan
| 流し満貫
| [5-han yaku] Only terminals and honours have been discarded, and none of them been called after a draw.
|-
|nashinashi ナシナシ·nashinashi
| ナシナシ
| Opposite of ariari mahjong, restricting both open tanyao as well as waiting to complete a yaku without already having one. (See atozuke for what's restricted)
|-
|no ten bappu noten ノーテン罰符·no ten bappu
| ノーテン罰符
| A payment made at the end of a round by those who are not tenpai (or choose not to reveal their hands) to those who are tenpai.
|-
|nobetan 延べ単·nobetan
| 延べ単
| A double tanki wait, e.g.: 4567 waiting on 4 or 7.
|-
|nukidora 抜きドラ·nukidora
| 抜きドラ
| A tile that counts as Dora when extracted from the hand, e.g. flower tiles or the North in most three-player variants (such as on Tenhou).
|-
|occult オカルト·occult
| オカルト
| A school of thought that opposes Digital and believes that the outcome of a game is affected by luck, flow, Mahjong demons, etc.
|-
|okkake okkakeriichi 追いかけリーチ·okkakeriichi
| 追いかけリーチ
| Following with another riichi. To make a riichi declaration after someone else rather than defend.
|-
|okurikan 送り槓·okurikan
| 送り槓
| Four identical tiles left undeclared in order to use the tiles for other melds instead of forming a kan, e.g. 333345 = (333) (345).
|-
|oorasu オーラス·oorasu
| オーラス
| The final round of a game (South 4th round in a Han Chan). Probably a contraction of English "all last".
|-
|open kui tanyaochuu (kuitan) 喰い断幺九·kui tanyaochuu (kuitan)
| 喰い断幺九
| [1-han yaku] An open Tanyaochuu.
|-
|otakaze 客風·otakaze
| 客風
| Guest winds, providing no bonus to the player with them. For example, if you are South seat in East round, then your guest winds are West and North.
|-
|pao sekinin 包·pao
| 包
| A property of certain hands that causes one person to be responsible for the whole payment if they discarded the tile that made it a yakuman. Covers half of other's ron payments, all in case of tsumo. Daisangen, Daisuushi, Suukantsu -- as well as dealing a live tile claimed in a Kan enabling that player to win with Rinshan Kaihou -- are the only hands this applies to in riichi mahjong.
|-
|penchan 辺張·penchan
| 辺張
| A wait consisting of 12 waiting on 3, or 89 waiting on 7.
|-
|renchan 連荘·renchan
| 連荘
| A continuation of dealer position because the dealer either won or was tenpai at the end of the round.
|-
|riipai 理牌·riipai
| 理牌
| Sorting the tiles in your hand.
|-
|rinshanpai 嶺上牌·rinshanpai
| 嶺上牌
| The tile drawn after making a Kan.
|-
|routouhai 老頭牌·routouhai
| 老頭牌
| The tiles numbered 1 and 9 only. (sub-group of yaochuuhai)
|-
|ryanhan shibari 二飜縛り·ryanhan shibari
| 二飜縛り
| After 5 renchans, a 2 han minimum hand is needed for others to win against the dealer.
|-
|ryankan 両嵌·ryankan
| 両嵌
| A non-standard group of three tiles, extending the kanchan concept of a single taatsu of 35 to a double-gutted numerical sequence such as 135 or 357. Note: this only counts as one taatsu, and is not a wait structure, as a hand cannot be tenpai with it.
|-
|ryanmen 両面·ryanmen
| 両面
| A two-sided wait, e.g. 56 waiting on 4 or 7.
|-
|sangenpai 三元牌·sangenpai
| 三元牌
| Haku, Hatsu, and Chun.
|-
|sashikomi 差し込み·sashikomi
| 差し込み
| Intentionally dealing into an opponent's hand. Appropriate for paying a small hand to avoid risking paying a big one. Inappropriate for throwing a winner to someone with a monster hand.
|-
|shabo シャボ·shabo
| シャボ
| Abbreviation of shanpon.
|-
|shanpon 双ポン·shanpon
| 双ポン
| A wait consisting of two pairs, one of which will be part of the final hand as a set.
|-
|shanten 向聴·shanten
| 向聴
| Number of tiles needed to reach tenpai. A hand with two calls and 13579EE in the same suit is one away from tenpai (1-shanten) because a 2, 4, 6 or 8 could be incorporated into the hand to make it into a waiting hand (tenpai).
|-
|shibori 絞り·shibori
| 絞り
| Holding on to tiles that an opponent would otherwise be likely to Pon or Chi.
|-
|shimocha 下家·shimocha
| 下家
| The player to your right.
|-
|shonpai 生牌·shonpai
| 生牌
| A "live tile", i.e. has not yet been discarded this round.
|-
|shuupai 数牌·shuupai
| 数牌
| Number tiles. Also "suupai".
|-
|suit shoku color colour 色·suit
| 色
| Suffix used to represent the use of specific tile suits, pin, sou, man. Means "colour".
|-
|suji 筋·suji
| 筋
| The tiles that complete Ryanmen waits. The basis for many discard reading theories. Means "muscle".
|-
|suupai 数牌·suupai
| 数牌
| Number tiles. Also "shuupai".
|-
|tanki 単騎·tanki
| 単騎
| A wait on a single tile to complete the pair (jantou).
|-
|tanyaohai 断幺牌·tanyaohai
| 断幺牌
| The tiles numbered 2 through 8. Also "chun chan hai".
|-
|tenbou 点棒·tenbou
| 点棒
| Point sticks.
|-
|tenpai 聴牌·tenpai
| 聴牌
| A hand that needs only one tile to win.
|-
|toimen 対面·toimen
| 対面
| The player sitting directly across from you.
|-
|tonpuusen 東風戦·tonpuusen
| 東風戦
| A game consisting of an East only round.
|-
|tsumo 自摸·tsumo
| 自摸
| A self-drawn tile. Usually announced when winning a hand, but can refer to any drawn tile.
|-
|tsumokiri ツモ切り·tsumokiri
| ツモ切り
| Discarding the tile that was just drawn.
|-
|uradora 裏ドラ·uradora
| 裏ドラ
| Additional dora which can be earned by winning with Riichi.
|-
|wanpai 王牌·wanpai
| 王牌
| The "dead" section of wall that can't be used except for Dora indicators and Kan draws.
|-
|wareme 割れ目·wareme
| 割れ目
| A rule that doubles any payment involving the player whose wall was broken at the start of the round.
|-
|winds kazehai 風牌·winds
| 風牌
| Means "wind tiles".
|-
|yakitori 焼き鳥·yakitori
| 焼き鳥
| A rule that requires players to win at least one hand or pay a penalty.
|-
|yaku yakuman 役満·yakuman
| 役満
| Hand with a special yaku or 13 or more han, payout 48000/36000.
|-
|yaku 役·yaku
| 役
| A scoring pattern in the hand that awards Han, such as Tanyao or Toitoi.
|-
|yaochuuhai 幺九牌·yaochuuhai
| 幺九牌
| The tiles numbered 1 and 9 (routouhai) plus characters (jihai).
|-
|zentsuppa 全ツッパ·zentsuppa
| 全ツッパ
| A (generally losing) strategy that attempts to win a hand at all costs while ignoring the possibility of dealing into an opponent's hand.
|-
|karagiri 空切り·karagiri
| 片切り
| Discarding a copy of the tile that was just drawn. A disguised tsumokiri.
|-
|tenpane tempane 点パネ·tenpane
| 点パネ
| Scoring 12 or more fu points, excluding fuutei (20) and menzen kafu (10), causing the score to reach the 40 point level, or 50 for menzen ron. (syn.: fuhane)
|-
|fuhane 符跳ね·fuhane
| 符跳ね
| Scoring 12 or more fu points, excluding fuutei (20) and menzen kafu (10), causing the score to reach the 40 point level, or 50 for menzen ron. (syn.: tenpane)
|-
|paifu record 牌譜·paifu
| 牌譜
| Game record, log or other device used to record the progress of hands or games of mahjong.
|-
|chiicha chicha first 起家·chiicha
| 起家
| Starting dealer, first East, Sometimes associated with the “chiicha marker” for a later reminder where to stop the game or change winds.
|-
|suufonrenda suufon renda 四風連打·suufon renda
| 四風連打
| A drawn hand provoked by an initial discard of 4 winds, each the same wind from all 4 players. (Theoretical chances of it occuring: 1 in 104 hands)
|-
|
|-
}
Senechal
478

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