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'''Machi''' {{kana|待ち}} | '''Machi''' {{kana|待ち}}, or "waits" in English, are patterns that can be used to form [[tile group]]s and/or [[pair]]s. They of are particular interest for [[tenpai]] hands, since a tenpai hand's wait determines which tiles it can win with. | ||
There are 5 "basic wait patterns". These patterns are the most frequent: they are comprised of only 1-2 tiles, and are not dependent on anything else in the hand. Basic waits can be combined in order to form bigger, "complex waits". | |||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
Many different patterns arise during | Many different patterns arise during hand development. Once a hand is in tenpai, being able to recognize your winning tiles is important, lest you miss a win. The most common patterns are given names to make them more recognizable. | ||
When a hand is in tenpai: | |||
* '''N-sided wait''' refers to the number of ''types'' of tile a hand can win with. A hand that waits for 1m and 4m would be 2-sided. The largest sided wait is [[kokushi musou]], which has a 13-sided wait. | |||
* '''N-tiles available''' refers to the number of ''tiles'' a hand can win with. A hand that waits for 1m and 4m would wait for 8 tiles at maximum (4 copies of 1m, 4 copies of 4m). This number decreases if the winning tiles are discarded, visible in others' [[naki|tile calls]], or if the winning tiles are included in the hand. If a hand that waits for 1m and 4m already has two copies 1m, it would wait for 6 tiles at maximum. A hand can wait with 0 tiles remaining. | |||
Understanding waits is important, even before reaching tenpai. Wait patterns are used to form tile groups, so a hand will gather many wait patterns before reaching tenpai. Keeping better waits in your hand will allow you to [[tile efficiency|to complete your hand faster]]. | |||
==Basic wait patterns== | ==Basic wait patterns== | ||
There are five '''basic wait patterns'''. These are made out of 1 or 2 tiles. Upon tenpai, they only look to complete either the last tile group or the pair. All waits can be derived from the basic waits. | |||
{| class="wikitable" width=100% | {| class="wikitable" width=100% | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Romaji !! Kanji/Kana !! Translated !! Pattern | ||
! No. Sides !! Max. tiles !! Fu | |||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Ryanmen]] || 両面 || {{machi|pattern = | | [[Ryanmen]] || 両面 || Open || {{machi|pattern = 45s00000000000z|tilewaits = 36s}} | ||
|2 || 8 tiles || 0 fu | |||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[Shanpon]] || 双ポン ||Dual pair || {{machi|pattern = 44s99p000000000z|tilewaits = 4s9p}} | ||
| 2 || 4 tiles || 0 fu | |||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[Kanchan]] || 嵌張 || Closed/middle || {{machi|pattern = 35m00000000000z|tilewaits = 4m}} | ||
| 1 || 4 tiles || 2 fu | |||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[Penchan]] || 辺張 || Edge || {{machi|pattern = 89p00000000000z|tilewaits = 7p}} | ||
| 1 || 4 tiles || 2 fu | |||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Tanki]] || 単騎 || {{machi|pattern = | | [[Tanki]] || 単騎 || Pair || {{machi|pattern = 1z000000000000z|tilewaits = 1z}} | ||
| 1 || 3 tiles || 2 fu | |||
|} | |} | ||
Each of these wait patterns are also worth [[fu]]. For the purposes of fu counting, a complex wait can always be interpreted as one of the basic waits. (If multiple interpretations are possible, the highest scoring one is used. This may or may not be the one with the most fu.) | |||
==Named combinations== | ==Named combinations== |