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* [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014020614gm-0009-7447-66a016d0&tw=0&ts=5 Kokushi 13] | * [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014020614gm-0009-7447-66a016d0&tw=0&ts=5 Kokushi 13] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Kokushi musou''' | '''Kokushi musou''' {{kana|国士無双}}, also simply known as '''kokushi''' or in English as '''thirteen orphans''', is one of the standard [[List of yaku#Yakuman|yakuman]] hands. It is one of the three '''yakuman gosanke''' {{kana|役満御三家}}, or "the three big families of yakuman". This hand is one of the two exceptions of the "[[Mentsu|four tile groups and one pair]]" requirement for [[tenpai]] hands, where the other exception is [[chiitoitsu]]. In fact, hands for this yakuman involve individual tiles while including a [[pair]]. | ||
==Composition== | |||
This yakuman is unique, as it requires of one of each [[terminal]] tile from each suit and one of each of the [[jihai|honor tiles]]. The 14th tile must be a duplicate of any terminal or honor tile. These tiles are classed as '''yaochuuhai''' {{kana|幺九牌}}. As the hand requires specific individual tiles, this hand remains closed to qualify, due to the general inability to call tiles in order to complete it. If a player draws the thirteen different tile types before pairing any of them, then the hand is called '''kokushi musou juusan menmachi''' {{kana|国士無双13面待ち}}, or the [[Machi|kokushi musou 13 closed wait]]. | |||
==Tile diagram== | ==Tile diagram== | ||
The hand requires nothing but yaochuuhai. | |||
=== Kokushi musou single wait === | === Kokushi musou single wait === | ||
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{{#mjt: 19m19p19s1234567z}} Winning tile: Any one of the tiles shown here | {{#mjt: 19m19p19s1234567z}} Winning tile: Any one of the tiles shown here | ||
* Winning from this wait | * Winning from this wait may be worth [[multiple yakuman|two yakuman]] in some rules. | ||
==Meaning and usage== | ==Meaning and usage== | ||
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Restricted as closed only, this hand must draw at least 12 of the 13 tile types, among the honors and terminals. If a pair exists within the hand upon [[tenpai]], then naturally, the hand is waiting on the last remaining tile type not yet in the hand. In turn, this hand will be deemed [[karaten|impossible for completion]], when all 4 of any of the tile types are no longer available. Yet, if a player manages to develop the 13 wait variety, then this hand greatly increases its chances of completion, needing to simply pair any of the 13 types. | Restricted as closed only, this hand must draw at least 12 of the 13 tile types, among the honors and terminals. If a pair exists within the hand upon [[tenpai]], then naturally, the hand is waiting on the last remaining tile type not yet in the hand. In turn, this hand will be deemed [[karaten|impossible for completion]], when all 4 of any of the tile types are no longer available. Yet, if a player manages to develop the 13 wait variety, then this hand greatly increases its chances of completion, needing to simply pair any of the 13 types. | ||
Reasonable development of this hand begins with a dealt set of tiles that gives a player the option to call [[ | Reasonable development of this hand begins with a dealt set of tiles that gives a player the option to call [[Tochuu_ryuukyoku#Kyuushu_kyuuhai|kyuushu kyuuhai]]. Declining this option puts the hand on the path to form this yakuman. | ||
===Attempting kokushi=== | |||
[[Image:Kokushi real.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Kokushi musou with real tiles.]] | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
|- | |||
|+ Sample successful attempts | |||
|- | |||
! Hand !! Yaochuhai start !! Discard at tenpai !! Result !! Lobby !! Link | |||
|- | |||
|{{kyoku|E|2|1}} ||align=center| 9 ||align=center| 9th || Ron after 12th ||align=center| 上級 || [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014022507gm-0089-0000-x153cdcec9bf5&tw=0&ts=1] | |||
|- | |||
|{{kyoku|E|2|1}} ||align=center| 9 ||align=center| 6th || Ron after 6th ||align=center| 7447 || [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2012070911gm-0009-7447-xe9631863dab1&tw=2&ts=1] | |||
|- | |||
|{{kyoku|S|3|0}}||align=center| 10 ||align=center| 4th || Ron after 5th ||align=center| 鳳凰 || [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014032419gm-00a9-0000-304bb5d3&tw=0&ts=9] | |||
|- | |||
|{{kyoku|S|1|2}} ||align=center| 8 ||align=center| 15th || Haitei ron ||align=center| 特上 || [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014040315gm-0029-0000-96396b84&tw=3&ts=2] | |||
|- | |||
|{{kyoku|S|4|0}} ||align=center| 7 ||align=center| 11th || Ron after 12th ||align=center| 上級 || [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2013092014gm-0089-0000-x1e3685599969&tw=0&ts=9] | |||
|- | |||
|{{kyoku|S|2|0}} ||align=center| 11 ||align=center| 2nd || Ron after 2nd ||align=center| 7447 || [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2013100905gm-0009-7447-xbe578c7d4e93&tw=1&ts=5] | |||
|- | |||
|{{kyoku|E|2|1}}||align=center| 9 ||align=center| 6th || Tsumo on 8th ||align=center| 鳳凰 || [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2015042708gm-00a9-0000-02413cc0&tw=0&ts=4] | |||
|- | |||
|colspan=6 align=right|''Yaochuhai start includes the initial draw.'' | |||
|} | |||
Any player attempting kokushi musou makes the decision at the [[haipai|beginning]] of the hand. This decision stems on a couple conditions, by which the primary decision rests on the number of unique yaochuhai at the start. The points and the current [[kyoku|hand]] also influences the decision. Sometimes, players need yakuman in order to win or [[Gyakuten|improve point standing]]. | |||
On average, a hand ending in [[exhaustive draw]] ends with roughly 16-19 tiles discarded per player, pending any tile calls. Therefore, every player has that many tile draws to work with. For example, if a hand starts with 9 tiles for the yakuman, then it requires 4 [[shanten|tile draws]] searching for specific tiles. Usually, barring unusual circumstances, those tile draws are nonconsecutive. If anything, a number of tile draws will be required to even attain tenpai. With that said, the decision to form a kokushi musou must be a decisive one at the [[haipai|very beginning of the hand]]. | |||
=== 13-way wait development === | |||
Kokushi musou juusan menmachi is very rare. Out of all random tile draws that result in tenpai for kokushi, the chance of naturally drawing all 13 tiles without a single duplicate is approximately one in 9500 (~0.0106%). The only "consistent" way to achieve the double yakuman is to complete kokushi via tsumo, but discard the pair and hope to complete the hand while in furiten. | |||
=== | ===Kyuushu kyuuhai=== | ||
{{main|Tochuu | {{main|Tochuu ryuukyoku}} | ||
Realistic chances to complete kokushi musou may require a hand to begin with at least 9 yaochuhai. Even so, at this point, this gives a player the option to defer and abort the hand, rather than trying for kokushi. | Realistic chances to complete kokushi musou may require a hand to begin with at least 9 yaochuhai. Even so, at this point, this gives a player the option to defer and abort the hand, rather than trying for kokushi. | ||
==Value== | ==Value== | ||
This hand is a yakuman hand. Some rules may apply double yakuman for the 13-wait variety. | This hand is a yakuman hand. When dealer, the hand [[scoring|scores]] 48,000 points. For non-dealers, the hand scores 32,000. Some rules may apply double yakuman for the 13-wait variety. | ||
== Chankan rule variation == | == Chankan rule variation == | ||
[[Image:Kokushi Denied.png|thumb|right|250px|Case where a [[kan|closed kan]] was declared during a [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2013121107gm-0019-0000-b01e54cd&tw=1&ts=7 kokushi tenpai].]] | [[Image:Kokushi Denied.png|thumb|right|250px|Case where a [[kan|closed kan]] was declared during a [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2013121107gm-0019-0000-b01e54cd&tw=1&ts=7 kokushi tenpai].]] | ||
Under some [[Rule variations#kokushi and chankan|rules]], a kokushi tenpai hand may win via [[chankan]] off a [[ankan|closed kan]] made with the winning tile. When allowed, this is an exception to the usual rule that [[ron]] may be called off of the tile used to form an [[shouminkan|added kan]], but not a closed kan. This rule, although not universal, is fairly common. | |||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{jpwiki|国士無双}} | {{jpwiki|国士無双}} | ||
* [http://osamuko.com/i-told-you-not-to-go-for-kokushi/ Kokushi advice] | * [http://osamuko.com/i-told-you-not-to-go-for-kokushi/ Kokushi advice] | ||
: Osamuko.com entry on Kokushi | : [[Osamuko.com]] entry on Kokushi | ||
{{Youtube | |||
| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pYNz6IlzNfI | |||
| linkname = 【麻雀】沢崎誠の国士無双13面張!! | |||
| description = Kokushi 13, while furiten | |||
}} | |||
[[Category:Yakuman]] | [[Category:Yakuman]] |