Machi: Difference between revisions

'''Machi''' {{kana|待ち}} is the Japanese term for "wait patterns".  Given any mahjong hand at any instance, players are waiting for specific tiles either to develop their hands or complete it.  Wait patterns arise during hand development, when mahjong tiles in possession in the hand are in need of other tiles in order to complete '''[[mentsu]]''' (tile groups) or the entire hand.  Wait patterns during [[tenpai]] are of particular interest, as they indicate winning tiles.  Players in tenpai must know their waiting tiles, or else end up missing a winning tile.

Five patterns here are classed as "basic wait patterns". These five patterns occur frequently; and they are not dependent on other patterns for formation. A combination of any of these five, including themselves, can form more complicated patterns.

Many different patterns arise during the course of hand development. Once a hand reaches tenpai, being able to interpret the hand's available winning tiles is a vital skill. If a player does not correctly read their winning tiles, they may miss a valid win, or they may commit a [[chombo]] with an illegal win call: either by calling a win on a tile that does not complete the hand, or calling [[ron]] while [[furiten]] due to a tile that they did not realize would complete the hand.

The most commonly occurring wait patterns have been given names, to make them more easily recognizable. More complex waits can arise involving a large number of potential configurations of the hand. This is especially true of hands with a large number of tiles in the same suit, most notably those aiming for [[chinitsu]]. Knowing the basic wait patterns also helps to combine them to interpret complex hands, which may have as many as 8 weights (not counting the special cases of [[chuuren poutou]] and [[kokushi musou]], which are easily recognizable).

 

The waiting patterns can be analyzed using two numbers: '''n-sided waits''' and '''n-tiles available'''.  This counts the number of tile types and the number of tiles themselves.

 

Patterns waiting for n-sided look for the number of tile types count as winning tiles.  The largest number involves [[kokushi musou]] with a 13-sided wait pattern.  The smallest number is 1.

 

As for counting the number of tiles available, this accounts every tile type having 4 copies each. Maximum possible counts exclude tiles required in the hand.  Any tiles in other players' hands, the [[dead wall]], or discarded tiles are not factored to this count.  Of course, during the course of a hand, players must take into account the number of available tiles along with the maximum count.

 

 

During hand development, it is important to understand the hand's machi for two reasons. The first is that, when trying to bring a hand to tenpai, a player will want to maximize the number of available tiles to bring them closer. Doing this requires interpreting the patterns of potential groups in a similar manner to finding tile waits in a tenpai hand. The second is that furiten is best avoided, and so a player should avoid making discards that would leave them furiten once they reach tenpai. This can be a particular challenge when developing single-suited hands that may have a large number of different waits.

These five are essentially the basic wait patterns. Upon tenpai, they only look to complete either the last tile group or the pair.

! Name !! Kanji/Kana !! Header text

| [[Ryanmen]] || 両面 || {{machi|pattern  = 000z45s00000000z|tilewaits = 36s}}

| [[Penchan]] || 辺張 || {{machi|pattern  = 00000000000z89p|tilewaits = 7p}}

| [[Shanpon]] || 双ポン || {{machi|pattern  = 000000000z44s99p|tilewaits = 4s9p}}

| [[Kanchan]] || 嵌張 || {{machi|pattern  = 000000z35m00000z|tilewaits = 4m}}

| [[Tanki]] || 単騎 || {{machi|pattern  = 0000000000001z|tilewaits = 1z}}