Situational analysis: Difference between revisions

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When performing '''situational analysis''', a player accounts for the [[Ba|game round]] and each players' current score to determine their decisions.
When performing '''situational analysis''', a player accounts for the [[Ba|game round]] and each players' current score to determine their decisions.


In Japanese mahjong, your final placement (1st/2nd/etc.) is often important. Due to the [[oka and uma]] systems, you can gain huge bonuses or penalties when changing place. In competitive environments, your placement can be important for gaining rating points. Therefore, players should act differently as the overall point conditions change. For example, when given the exact same hand, a player with a huge lead might not want to [[riichi]], but a player far behind may be desperate to riichi. Therefore, it is not only important to look at your own hand, but both your and your opponents' current points as well.
In Japanese mahjong, a player's final placement (1st/2nd/etc.) is often important. Due to the [[oka and uma]] systems, there are huge bonuses or penalties for changing place. In competitive environments, placement can be important for gaining rating points. Therefore, players should act differently as the overall point conditions change. For example, when given the exact same hand, a player with a huge lead might not want to [[riichi]], but a player far behind may be desperate to riichi. Therefore, it is not only important to look at the hand, but each players' current points as well.


== Hand values ==
== Hand values ==
{{main|Scoring table|Gyakuten}}
{{main|Scoring table|Gyakuten}}


Players should know the potential hand values in order to accurately access a point difference. Knowing the score table is important when determining [[riichi strategy|when to riichi]] and [[naki strategy|when to open the hand]]. For instance, if it is the last round, there is no need to riichi if you are 2000 points behind 1st place with a 2 han hand.
Players should know the potential hand values in order to accurately access a point difference. Knowing the score table is important when determining [[riichi strategy|when to riichi]] and [[naki strategy|when to open the hand]]. For instance, if it is the last round, there is no need to riichi when 2000 points behind 1st place with a 2 han hand.


== Relative goals ==
== Relative goals ==
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== Fourth Place Avoidance ==
== Fourth Place Avoidance ==
In the online clients [[tenhou.net]] and [[Majsoul]], there is a huge penalty for 4th place for players ''that are of a high rank''.  
In the online clients [[tenhou.net]] and [[Majsoul]] (before Celestial rank), there is a huge penalty for 4th place for players ''that are of a high rank''.  


*Tenhou.net: If a 6-dan player plays, they get 75/30/0/-120 points for placing 1st through 4th, respectively.
*Tenhou.net: If a 6-dan player plays, they get 75/30/0/-120 points for placing 1st through 4th, respectively.
*Majsoul: If a Saint 1 player plays in Jade Room, they get 125/60/-5/-255 rank points for placing 1st through 4th, respectively (counting [[uma]]).
*Majsoul: If a Saint 1 player plays in Jade Room, they get 125/60/-5/-255 rank points for placing 1st through 4th, respectively (counting [[uma]]).


Say you are playing at Majsoul. If you currently 3rd and considering an action has a 50% chance to be 2nd, but a 50% chance to be 4th, don't do it. If it succeeds, you'd only get 65 points, but if it fails you lose a significant -255 points. Even with a 50% chance for 1st, and a 25% chance for 4th, it is still a net negative.
Say a Saint 1 plays in Majsoul. When in 3rd place, and an action has a 50% chance to net 2nd, but a 50% chance to net 4th, it has terrible value. If successful, it nets only +65 points, but a failure results in a significant -255 points. Even with a 50% chance for 1st, and a 25% chance for 4th, it is still a net negative.


It is important to restate that this extreme level of 4th place avoidance only applies when you are at a high rank. At lower levels, it is best to improve on ''average placement'' (including fundamentals like [[tile efficiency]] and [[defense]]) rather than focus on avoiding 4th specifically. At these high ranks, do what you can to avoid being last - try not to take risks late in the game, even if there is no immediate threat of being 4th.
It is important to restate that huge 4th place penalties only apply to high ranked players. If higher ranked, do what is possible to avoid being last - try not to take risks late in the game, even if there is no immediate threat of being 4th. At lower levels, it is best to improve on ''average placement'' (including fundamentals like [[tile efficiency]] and [[defense]]) rather than focus on avoiding 4th specifically.  


These online clients have big penalties to encourage players in 4th to not leave the game. In many places where you can play mahjong physically, the point distribution is more even (they tend to favor 1st place, due to the [[oka]] system). Of course, no matter where you play: if you are currently in 4th place, you should obviously do what you can to escape.
The reason the 4th-place penalties is so high to punish players for leaving early. When playing with physical tiles, the point distribution is more even (they tend to favor 1st place, due to the [[oka]] system). Of course, no matter where you play: if you are currently in 4th place, you should obviously do what you can to escape.
 
Also, note that in Majsoul, once you reach Celestial, there is no more special 4th place penalty. At Celestial, the point rating becomes 0.5/0.2/-0.2/-0.5, so there is no special need to avoid fourth.


== External links ==
== External links ==
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