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'''Karaten''' {{kana|カラテン}}, or '''empty tenpai''', is a state where a [[tenpai]] hand does not have the ability to win.  This is due to unavailability of all instances of winning tiles.  The "visible tiles" may either be discarded, used as a dora indicator, or already exist in one's hand.  Furthermore, they may be held in other player's hands or even reside within the dead wall. However, the latter case is beyond a player's visibility.
'''Karaten''' {{kana|カラテン}}, or '''empty tenpai''', is a state where a [[tenpai]] hand does not have the ability to win.  This is due to unavailability of all instances of winning tiles.  The "visible tiles" may either be discarded, used as a dora indicator, or already exist in one's hand.  Furthermore, they may be held in other player's hands or even reside within the dead wall. However, the latter case is beyond a player's visibility.


==Ambiguity==
==The fifth tile case==
[[Image:Keishiki ankan.png|right|thumb|250px|Karaten tenpai acquired [https://mahjongsoul.game.yo-star.com/?paipu=190508-4ebd32bc-71a5-4f4f-86a7-16066dfdc896_a925124703 after calling kan].]]
[[Image:Keishiki ankan.png|right|thumb|250px|Karaten tenpai acquired [https://mahjongsoul.game.yo-star.com/?paipu=190508-4ebd32bc-71a5-4f4f-86a7-16066dfdc896_a925124703 after calling kan].]]
The term is often confused with the "fifth tile" case.  Here, a hand waiting for a fourth tile that is simply hidden, discarded, or used by someone else remains a valid tenpai in all circumstances. A hand may contain a 1-2 [[Penchan|penchan]] and a previously declared [[Kan|kan]] of 3-3-3-3 in the same suit.  This renders the threes unavailable as winning tiles. It would be announced what qualifies as tenpai or not. As a precaution, it is almost always mentioned.
The term is often confused with the "fifth tile" case.  Here, a hand waiting for a fourth tile that is simply hidden, discarded, or used by someone else remains a valid tenpai in all circumstances. A hand may contain a 1-2 [[Penchan|penchan]] and a previously declared [[Kan|kan]] of 3-3-3-3 in the same suit.  This renders the threes unavailable as winning tiles. It would be announced what qualifies as tenpai or not. As a precaution, it is almost always mentioned.
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