Machi: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search

Machi (view source)

Revision as of 02:50, 28 February 2023

1,200 bytes added ,  28 February 2023
m
→‎Wait counts
VisualWikitext
(Rewrite, add new waits.)
(31 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
'''Machi''' {{kana|待ち}} is the Japanese term for "[[tenpai]] wait patterns".  Given any mahjong hand at any instance, players are waiting for specific tiles either to develop their hands or complete it.  Wait patterns arise during hand development, when mahjong tiles in possession in the hand are in need of other tiles in order to complete '''[[mentsu]]''' (tile groups) or the entire hand.  Wait patterns during tenpai are of particular interest, simply because that is one of the main goals of hand development.
'''Machi''' {{kana|待ち}} is the Japanese term for "wait patterns".  Given any mahjong hand at any instance, players are waiting for specific tiles either to develop their hands or complete it.  Wait patterns arise during hand development, when mahjong tiles in possession in the hand are in need of other tiles in order to complete '''[[mentsu]]''' (tile groups) or the entire hand.  Wait patterns during [[tenpai]] are of particular interest, as they indicate winning tiles.  Players in tenpai must know their waiting tiles, or else end up missing a winning tile.
 
Five patterns here are classed as "basic wait patterns".  These five patterns occur frequently; and they are not dependent on other patterns for formation.  A combination of any of these five, including themselves, can form more complicated patterns.


== Overview ==
== Overview ==
Line 5: Line 7:


The most commonly occurring wait patterns have been given names, to make them more easily recognizable. More complex waits can arise involving a large number of potential configurations of the hand. This is especially true of hands with a large number of tiles in the same suit, most notably those aiming for [[chinitsu]]. Knowing the basic wait patterns also helps to combine them to interpret complex hands, which may have as many as 8 weights (not counting the special cases of [[chuuren poutou]] and [[kokushi musou]], which are easily recognizable).
The most commonly occurring wait patterns have been given names, to make them more easily recognizable. More complex waits can arise involving a large number of potential configurations of the hand. This is especially true of hands with a large number of tiles in the same suit, most notably those aiming for [[chinitsu]]. Knowing the basic wait patterns also helps to combine them to interpret complex hands, which may have as many as 8 weights (not counting the special cases of [[chuuren poutou]] and [[kokushi musou]], which are easily recognizable).
===Wait counts===
{{main|Ukeire}}
The waiting patterns can be analyzed using two numbers: '''n-sided waits''' and '''n-tiles available'''.  This counts the number of tile types and the number of tiles themselves.
Patterns waiting for n-sided look for the number of tile types count as winning tiles.  The largest number involves [[kokushi musou]] with a 13-sided wait pattern.  The smallest number is 1.
As for counting the number of tiles available, this accounts every tile type having 4 copies each.  Maximum possible counts exclude tiles required in the hand.  Any tiles in other players' hands, the [[dead wall]], or discarded tiles are not factored to this count.  Of course, during the course of a hand, players must take into account the number of available tiles along with the maximum count.


==Hand development==
==Hand development==
Line 12: Line 23:


==Basic wait patterns==
==Basic wait patterns==
These five are essentially the basic wait patterns.  Upon tenpai, they only look to complete either the last tile group or the pair.


===Ryanmen===
{| class="wikitable" width=100%
{{Main|Ryanmen}}
|-
{{machi
! Name !! Kanji/Kana !! Header text
|pattern  = 000z45s00000000z
|-
|tilewaits = 36s
| [[Ryanmen]] || 両面 || {{machi|pattern  = 000z45s00000000z|tilewaits = 36s}}
}}
|-
 
| [[Penchan]] || 辺張 || {{machi|pattern  = 00000000000z89p|tilewaits = 7p}}
===Penchan===
|-
{{Main|Penchan}}
| [[Shanpon]] || 双ポン || {{machi|pattern  = 000000000z44s99p|tilewaits = 4s9p}}
{{machi
|-
|pattern  = 00000000000z89p
| [[Kanchan]] || 嵌張 || {{machi|pattern  = 000000z35m00000z|tilewaits = 4m}}
|tilewaits = 7p
|-
}}
| [[Tanki]] || 単騎 || {{machi|pattern  = 0000000000001z|tilewaits = 1z}}
 
|}
===Shanpon===
{{Main|Shanpon}}
{{machi
|pattern  = 000000000z44s99p
|tilewaits = 4s9p
}}
 
===Kanchan===
{{Main|Kanchan}}
{{machi
|pattern  = 000000z35m00000z
|tilewaits = 4m
}}
 
===Tanki===
{{Main|Tanki}}
 
{{machi
|pattern  = 0000000000001z
|tilewaits = 1z
}}


==Named combinations==
==Named combinations==
<!--combinations of the basic patterns or 3 sided or more-->
The basic patterns can be combined for more complex patterns; and the wait patterns listed here have taken on names.
 
===Nobetan===
{{Main|Nobetan}}
{{machi
|pattern  = 000z2345p000000z
|tilewaits = 25p
}}
 
===Ryanmenten===
{{Main|Ryanmenten}}
{{machi
|pattern  = 00000000z23456m
|tilewaits = 147m
}}


===Sanmentan===
{| class="wikitable" width=100%
{{Main|Sanmentan}}
|-
{{machi
! Name !! Kanji/Kana !! Header text
|pattern  = 2345678s000000z
|-
|tilewaits = 258s
| [[Nobetan]] || 延べ単<br />ノベタン || {{machi|pattern  = 000z2345p000000z|tilewaits = 25p}}
|-
| [[Sanmenchan]] || 三面張 || {{machi|pattern  = 00000000z23456m|tilewaits = 147m}}
|-
| [[Sanmentan]] || 三面単 || {{machi|pattern  = 2345678s000000z|tilewaits = 258s}}
|-
| [[Entotsu]] || 煙突系<br />エントツ || {{machi|pattern  = 45666s11000000z|tilewaits = 36s1z}}
|-
| [[Aryanmen]] || 亜両面 || {{machi|pattern  = 6788m000000000z|tilewaits = 58m}}
|-
| [[Ryantan]] || 両単 || {{machi|pattern = 4555p000000000z|tilewaits = 346p}}
|-
| [[Pentan]] || 辺単 || {{machi|pattern = 1222m000000000z|tilewaits = 13m}}
|-
| [[Kantan]] || 嵌単 || {{machi|pattern = 5777s000000000z|tilewaits = 56s}}
|-
| [[Kantankan]] || 嵌単嵌 || {{machi|pattern = 3335777s000000z|tilewaits = 456s}}
|-
|| [[Tatsumaki]] || 竜巻 || {{machi|pattern = 6667888p000000z|tilewaits = 56789p}}
|-
|| [[Happoubijin]] || 八方美人 || {{machi|pattern  = 2223456777s 000z|tilewaits = 12345678s
}}
}}
|}


===Entotsu===
==Double yakuman patterns==
{{main|Entotsu}}
These two unique patterns are linked to specific [[yakuman]].  Under all possible tile waits with these patterns, yakuman is ensured; under some scoring rules, winning a hand with these patterns is awarded [[multiple yakuman#full scoring|double yakuman]]. There are no other wait patterns with more than 8 winning tiles (although it is possible for an 8-sided wait to include four of the same tile in such a way that a hypothetical fifth copy of the same tile would complete the hand).
{{machi
|pattern  = 45666s11000000z
|tilewaits = 36s1z
}}
 
===Ryantan===
{{main|Ryantan}}
{{machi
|pattern = 4555p000000000z
|tilewaits = 346p
}}
 
===Pentan===
{{main|Pentan}}
{{machi
|pattern = 1222m000000000z
|tilewaits = 13m
}}
 
===Kantan===
{{main|Kantan}}
{{machi
|pattern = 5777s000000000z
|tilewaits = 56s
}}
 
===Kantankan===
{{main|Kantankan}}
{{machi
|pattern = 3335777s000000z
|tilewaits = 456s
}}
 
===Tatsumaki==
{{main|Tatsumaki}}
{{machi
|pattern = 6667888p000000z
|tilewaits = 56789p
}}


===Chuuren poutou kyuumen machi===
===Chuuren poutou kyuumen machi===
Line 119: Line 78:
{{machi
{{machi
|pattern  = 1112345678999s
|pattern  = 1112345678999s
|tilewaits =  
|tilewaits = 123456789s
}} Any of the same suit tiles, 1 through 9.
}}


===Kokushi musou 13 machi===
===Kokushi musou 13 machi===
Line 126: Line 85:
{{machi
{{machi
|pattern  = 19m19p19s1234567z
|pattern  = 19m19p19s1234567z
|tilewaits =
|tilewaits = 19m19p19s1234567z
}} Any of the 13 tiles shown here.
}}


==Complex patterns==
==Complex patterns==
{{main|Complex machi}}
{{main|Complex waits}}


These combinations involve patterns that do not have specific names.  Instead, they use combined forms of the other patterns.  Furthermore, they mostly consist of consecutive, or closely consecutive, numbered tiles.  Recognition of these patterns can produce some significantly powerful waits, which may be immune to [[suji]] and have large numbers of waiting tiles.
These combinations involve patterns that do not have specific names.  Instead, they use combined forms of the other patterns.  Furthermore, they mostly consist of consecutive, or closely consecutive, numbered tiles.  Recognition of these patterns can produce some significantly powerful waits, which may be immune to [[suji]] and have large numbers of waiting tiles.


==Related Terminology==
==Related terminology==
 
=== Hadaka tanki ===
{{main|Hadaka tanki}}
 
'''Hadaka tanki'' refers to when a player has made four [[naki|tile calls]] (other than [[shouminkan|added kans]]), meaning that they only have one hidden tile left in hand. The hand is necessarily tenpai with a tanki wait. Such a hand is very difficult to defend with, because the player will only have two tiles to choose from.
 
=== Jigoku ===
{{main|Jigoku}}
 
'''Jigoku''' {{kana|地獄}} refers to when there is only one winning tile left to win with. If there is only one wait, this means that the other three copies of the winning tile are all in the player's hand, in a discard pool, in a [[naki|called]] group, or visible as [[dora]] indicators. If there are multiple waits, this means that all but one of them must be completely used. In English, this is commonly known as the '''hell wait''', a literal translation of the Japanese.


=== Karaten ===
=== Karaten ===
Line 151: Line 100:
'''Karaten''' {{kana|カラテン}}, or '''empty tenpai''', is the case where there are no tiles left to win with, due to all potential winning tiles already having been used in the player's hand, a discard pool, a called group, or visible as dora indicators. In [[scoring variations#karaten tenpai|some rulesets]], a hand in this state is considered noten at an [[exhaustive draw]].
'''Karaten''' {{kana|カラテン}}, or '''empty tenpai''', is the case where there are no tiles left to win with, due to all potential winning tiles already having been used in the player's hand, a discard pool, a called group, or visible as dora indicators. In [[scoring variations#karaten tenpai|some rulesets]], a hand in this state is considered noten at an [[exhaustive draw]].


=== Takame and Yasume ===
=== Takame and yasume ===
{{main|Takame and yasume}}
{{main|Takame and yasume}}


'''Takame'' is a potential winning tile which is worth more points than another, called '''yasume'''.
'''Takame''' is a potential winning tile which is worth more points than another, called '''yasume'''.


==External links==
==External links==
KyuuAA
Bureaucrats, checkuser, Administrators
9,927

edits

Retrieved from "https://riichi.wiki/Special:MobileDiff/13922...23553"

Navigation menu