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'''Machi''' {{kana|待ち}} is the Japanese term for " | '''Machi''' {{kana|待ち}} is the Japanese term for "wait patterns". Given any mahjong hand at any instance, players are waiting for specific tiles either to develop their hands or complete it. Wait patterns arise during hand development, when mahjong tiles in possession in the hand are in need of other tiles in order to complete '''[[mentsu]]''' (tile groups) or the entire hand. Wait patterns during [[tenpai]] are of particular interest, as they indicate winning tiles. Players in tenpai must know their waiting tiles, or else end up missing a winning tile. | ||
Five patterns here are classed as "basic wait patterns". These five patterns occur frequently; and they are not dependent on other patterns for formation. A combination of any of these five, including themselves, can form more complicated patterns. | Five patterns here are classed as "basic wait patterns". These five patterns occur frequently; and they are not dependent on other patterns for formation. A combination of any of these five, including themselves, can form more complicated patterns. | ||
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===Wait counts=== | ===Wait counts=== | ||
{{main|Ukeire}} | |||
The waiting patterns can be analyzed using two numbers: '''n-sided waits''' and '''n-tiles available'''. This counts the number of tile types and the number of tiles themselves. | The waiting patterns can be analyzed using two numbers: '''n-sided waits''' and '''n-tiles available'''. This counts the number of tile types and the number of tiles themselves. | ||
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! Name !! Kanji/Kana !! Header text | ! Name !! Kanji/Kana !! Header text | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Nobetan]] || | | [[Nobetan]] || 延べ単<br />ノベタン || {{machi|pattern = 000z2345p000000z|tilewaits = 25p}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Sanmenchan]] || | | [[Sanmenchan]] || 三面張 || {{machi|pattern = 00000000z23456m|tilewaits = 147m}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Sanmentan]] || | | [[Sanmentan]] || 三面単 || {{machi|pattern = 2345678s000000z|tilewaits = 258s}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Entotsu]] || | | [[Entotsu]] || 煙突系<br />エントツ || {{machi|pattern = 45666s11000000z|tilewaits = 36s1z}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Aryanmen]] || | | [[Aryanmen]] || 亜両面 || {{machi|pattern = 6788m000000000z|tilewaits = 58m}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Ryantan]] || | | [[Ryantan]] || 両単 || {{machi|pattern = 4555p000000000z|tilewaits = 346p}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Pentan]] || | | [[Pentan]] || 辺単 || {{machi|pattern = 1222m000000000z|tilewaits = 13m}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Kantan]] || | | [[Kantan]] || 嵌単 || {{machi|pattern = 5777s000000000z|tilewaits = 56s}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Kantankan]] || | | [[Kantankan]] || 嵌単嵌 || {{machi|pattern = 3335777s000000z|tilewaits = 456s}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| [[Tatsumaki]] || | || [[Tatsumaki]] || 竜巻 || {{machi|pattern = 6667888p000000z|tilewaits = 56789p}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| [[Happoubijin]] || | || [[Happoubijin]] || 八方美人 || {{machi|pattern = 2223456777s 000z|tilewaits = 12345678s | ||
}} | }} | ||
|} | |} | ||
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==Complex patterns== | ==Complex patterns== | ||
{{main|Complex | {{main|Complex waits}} | ||
These combinations involve patterns that do not have specific names. Instead, they use combined forms of the other patterns. Furthermore, they mostly consist of consecutive, or closely consecutive, numbered tiles. Recognition of these patterns can produce some significantly powerful waits, which may be immune to [[suji]] and have large numbers of waiting tiles. | These combinations involve patterns that do not have specific names. Instead, they use combined forms of the other patterns. Furthermore, they mostly consist of consecutive, or closely consecutive, numbered tiles. Recognition of these patterns can produce some significantly powerful waits, which may be immune to [[suji]] and have large numbers of waiting tiles. | ||
==Related terminology== | ==Related terminology== | ||
=== Karaten === | === Karaten === | ||