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===Wait counts===
===Wait counts===
{{main|Ukeire}}
The waiting patterns can be analyzed using two numbers: '''n-sided waits''' and '''n-tiles available'''.  This counts the number of tile types and the number of tiles themselves.
The waiting patterns can be analyzed using two numbers: '''n-sided waits''' and '''n-tiles available'''.  This counts the number of tile types and the number of tiles themselves.


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! Name !! Kanji/Kana !! Header text
! Name !! Kanji/Kana !! Header text
|-
|-
| [[Nobetan]] || ノベタン || {{machi|pattern  = 000z2345p000000z|tilewaits = 25p}}
| [[Nobetan]] || 延べ単<br />ノベタン || {{machi|pattern  = 000z2345p000000z|tilewaits = 25p}}
|-
|-
| [[Sanmenchan]] || エントツ || {{machi|pattern  = 00000000z23456m|tilewaits = 147m}}
| [[Sanmenchan]] || 三面張 || {{machi|pattern  = 00000000z23456m|tilewaits = 147m}}
|-
|-
| [[Sanmentan]] || || {{machi|pattern  = 2345678s000000z|tilewaits = 258s}}
| [[Sanmentan]] || 三面単 || {{machi|pattern  = 2345678s000000z|tilewaits = 258s}}
|-
|-
| [[Entotsu]] || || {{machi|pattern  = 45666s11000000z|tilewaits = 36s1z}}
| [[Entotsu]] || 煙突系<br />エントツ || {{machi|pattern  = 45666s11000000z|tilewaits = 36s1z}}
|-
|-
| [[Aryanmen]] || || {{machi|pattern  = 6788m000000000z|tilewaits = 58m}}
| [[Aryanmen]] || 亜両面 || {{machi|pattern  = 6788m000000000z|tilewaits = 58m}}
|-
|-
| [[Ryantan]] || || {{machi|pattern = 4555p000000000z|tilewaits = 346p}}
| [[Ryantan]] || 両単 || {{machi|pattern = 4555p000000000z|tilewaits = 346p}}
|-
|-
| [[Pentan]] || || {{machi|pattern = 1222m000000000z|tilewaits = 13m}}
| [[Pentan]] || 辺単 || {{machi|pattern = 1222m000000000z|tilewaits = 13m}}
|-
|-
| [[Kantan]] || || {{machi|pattern = 5777s000000000z|tilewaits = 56s}}
| [[Kantan]] || 嵌単 || {{machi|pattern = 5777s000000000z|tilewaits = 56s}}
|-
|-
| [[Kantankan]] || || {{machi|pattern = 3335777s000000z|tilewaits = 456s}}
| [[Kantankan]] || 嵌単嵌 || {{machi|pattern = 3335777s000000z|tilewaits = 456s}}
|-
|-
|| [[Tatsumaki]] || 竜巻 || {{machi|pattern = 6667888p000000z|tilewaits = 56789p}}
|| [[Tatsumaki]] || 竜巻 || {{machi|pattern = 6667888p000000z|tilewaits = 56789p}}
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==Complex patterns==
==Complex patterns==
{{main|Complex machi}}
{{main|Complex waits}}


These combinations involve patterns that do not have specific names.  Instead, they use combined forms of the other patterns.  Furthermore, they mostly consist of consecutive, or closely consecutive, numbered tiles.  Recognition of these patterns can produce some significantly powerful waits, which may be immune to [[suji]] and have large numbers of waiting tiles.
These combinations involve patterns that do not have specific names.  Instead, they use combined forms of the other patterns.  Furthermore, they mostly consist of consecutive, or closely consecutive, numbered tiles.  Recognition of these patterns can produce some significantly powerful waits, which may be immune to [[suji]] and have large numbers of waiting tiles.


==Related terminology==
==Related terminology==
=== Hadaka tanki ===
{{main|Hadaka tanki}}
'''Hadaka tanki''' refers to when a player has made four [[naki|tile calls]] (other than [[shouminkan|added kans]]), meaning that the hand is left with a single concealed tile for completion.  The hand is necessarily tenpai with a tanki wait. Such a hand is very difficult to defend with, because the player will only have two tiles to choose from.  Instead, the player opts for a complete attack posture.
=== Jigoku ===
{{main|Jigoku}}
'''Jigoku''' {{kana|地獄}} refers to a [[tanki]] wait where two of the winning tiles are already visible to all the players. The two copies of the winning tile are either in a discard pool or visible as [[dora]] indicators. In English, this is commonly known as the '''hell wait''', a literal translation of the Japanese.


=== Karaten ===
=== Karaten ===
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'''Karaten''' {{kana|カラテン}}, or '''empty tenpai''', is the case where there are no tiles left to win with, due to all potential winning tiles already having been used in the player's hand, a discard pool, a called group, or visible as dora indicators. In [[scoring variations#karaten tenpai|some rulesets]], a hand in this state is considered noten at an [[exhaustive draw]].
'''Karaten''' {{kana|カラテン}}, or '''empty tenpai''', is the case where there are no tiles left to win with, due to all potential winning tiles already having been used in the player's hand, a discard pool, a called group, or visible as dora indicators. In [[scoring variations#karaten tenpai|some rulesets]], a hand in this state is considered noten at an [[exhaustive draw]].
=== Nakabukure ===
{{main|Nakabukure}}
'''Nakabukure''' refers to when a wait is embedded in the middle of a [[shuntsu|sequence]], combining with a kanchan wait and eating up some of the available tiles. Usually this refers to a tanki wait ('''botetanki'''), but it can also refer to a shanpon ('''boteshanpon''').


=== Takame and yasume ===
=== Takame and yasume ===
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