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improve the "reason to defend" section
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Defense in [[Japanese mahjong]] means to '''avoid dealing into other players' hands by not discarding winning tiles'''. Defense is an important | Defense in [[Japanese mahjong]] means to '''avoid dealing into other players' hands by not discarding winning tiles'''. Defense is an important part of the game, especially when other players call [[riichi]] and/or have a high scoring hand. All else equal, a player with a lower "[[ron|deal-in rate]]" will have a higher chance of winning. | ||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
[[Image:Last discard.png|thumb|250px|right|[http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014082412gm-0089-0000-5b20755a&tw=2&ts=9 Choosing the proper discard] (or the wrong one) may determine the result of many games.]] | [[Image:Last discard.png|thumb|250px|right|[http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014082412gm-0089-0000-5b20755a&tw=2&ts=9 Choosing the proper discard] (or the wrong one) may determine the result of many games.]] | ||
Defense aims to find safe tiles, or tiles that other players cannot [[ron|win with]]. Players use | Defense aims to find safe tiles, or tiles that other players cannot [[ron|win with]]. Players use it against a dangerous threat, such as a [[riichi]] declaration or a valuable open hand. When defending, players should take into account all visible tiles, including tiles in discard piles, the dora indicators, tiles in your own hand, and any called tiles. | ||
=== Why defense is important === | |||
While newer players may not be aware of defense, it is fundamentally important to Japanese mahjong, due to its expected value: | |||
* On average, a non-dealer riichi is worth around 6000-7000 points (with [[red dora]] in play).<ref>https://osamuko.com/paifu-analysis-is-their-riichi-hand-expensive/</ref> | |||
* If you haven't reached [[tenpai]], can't [[naki|open the hand]], and you full attack against an opposing riichi, you're generally more likely to deal in than win. | |||
Due to these stats, it's usually a bad choice to attack when not in tenpai, unless you have a great hand (such as closed [[iishanten|1-shanten]] [[mangan]] with guaranteed good wait). When attacking, you're more likely to deal in than win, and you lose more on deal-ins than you'd gain by winning. | |||
Riichi the most common reason to start defend/folding, though there are non-riichi hands worth defending against. | |||
== Techniques to find safe tiles == | == Techniques to find safe tiles == | ||
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===Furiten and genbutsu=== | ===Furiten and genbutsu=== | ||
{{main|Furiten|Genbutsu}} | {{main|Furiten|Genbutsu}} | ||
The most important defense technique. [[Genbutsu]] | The most important defense technique. [[Genbutsu]] are tiles that are 100% safe against a player, due to the [[furiten]] rule: | ||
*Any tile that an opponent discarded is 100% against them. | *Any tile that an opponent discarded is 100% against them. | ||
*After an opponent declares [[riichi]], any tile anyone discards (and not won off of) is 100% safe against that riichi player. | *After an opponent declares [[riichi]], any tile anyone discards (and not won off of) is 100% safe against that riichi player. | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{references}} | |||
* [http://www.osamuko.com/basic-defense-techniques-in-mahjong/ Osamuko.com] | * [http://www.osamuko.com/basic-defense-techniques-in-mahjong/ Osamuko.com] | ||
: Basic Defense Techniques in Mahjong | : Basic Defense Techniques in Mahjong | ||