Furiten: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 00:16, 1 December 2024

Baiman tenpai, in furiten due to 9-sou in discard. Ron cannot be called here.

While a player's hand is in furiten 「振聴」, they cannot declare a win on another player's discard (i.e., they cannot ron). They are still allowed to win with their own draw (tsumo), assuming the hand is valid.

The most common way to enter furiten is from discards: if a player had previously discarded a tile that their hand could now win with, their hand is considered furiten. Furiten is also caused when a player skips a win.

This rule is often used for defense: any tile a player discards is 100% safe against that player.

Rule overview

While the hand is in furiten, the player is unable to call ron off any tile, but they can win by tsumo if the hand has valid yaku.

A hand in tenpai is in furiten in any of the following scenarios:

When at least one of the hand's current winning tiles have been discarded by you before, the hand enters furiten.
- A tile does not have to be physically in your discard pile to invoke furiten. If an opponent called on your discarded tile, said tile will still trigger furiten.
After declaring riichi, if the first winning tile is skipped, the hand permanently enters furiten.
When not in riichi, when a winning tile is skipped, the hand enters temporary furiten. This furiten lasts until the player's next discard.

A "winning tile" is any tile that could complete a "4 groups + 1 pair" winning shape (or chiitoitsu / kokushi musou), even if the hand could not actually win because it would lack yaku.

Note that, when in furiten, the hand is unable to win off any discard; the tile that "caused" furiten is irrelevant. For example, if your hand is waiting to win with 2p and 5p, and you had discarded 2p before, you are unable to win off an opponent's 5p.

Discard furiten

Discard furiten, the most common form of furiten, occurs when a player's own winning tile has been discarded before. A hand can escape this type of furiten by changing its waits.

Because discard furiten exists, any tile a player has discarded is 100% safe against that player. Even if the player is waiting on that tile, they cannot ron (as they'd be in furiten).

It is important to bear furiten in mind when developing a hand. If a hand gets to tenpai and is furiten, it may have been inefficiently developed. This is not always the case, however, as a player can make a correct decision but still be in furiten.

A hand with no guaranteed yaku - a state known as atozuke - is particularly susceptible to furiten. When a hand is in atozuke, only some winning tiles would result in having a yaku. If a non-yaku winning tile is obtained, the hand is unable to win, and forced to enter discard furiten. Atozuke often occurs with:

A shanpon wait, with one tile completing a yakuhai triplet, and the other having no yaku.
A ryanmen wait on 14 or 69 on a hand that would otherwise complete tanyao.

Temporary furiten

Calling a win is optional. If a non-riichi player does not ron a "winning tile" (even if a win cannot be declared due to lack of yaku), they enter temporary furiten until their next discard. Since it lasts for 1 turn, it is called temporary furiten.

Sometimes, a player may misinterpret their waits, entering furiten in the process. Alternatively, a player may be in atozuke and a non-yaku giving tile is discarded. Otherwise, a player may intentionally skip a win, entering temporary furiten in the process. This is mainly done after point standing analysis, such as:

When a player is close to bankrupting, a player in 1st may want to target them in order to end the game faster.
When close to all last, a player may need to ron a specific player to rise up in rank.

In a few rulesets, any tile call will cancel other players' temporary furiten.

Permanent furiten during riichi

Main article: Riichi

When a player has declared riichi, the state of temporary furiten does not expire. Therefore, if a riichi hand skips a win, it is no longer able to call ron. This is known as permanent furiten, or riichi furiten.

Since riichi is a yaku, there is no need to worry about a lack of yaku, unless under ryanhan shibari.

Reasoning

Furiten exists for two main reasons:

1. It helps players defend against other player's hands:

Discard furiten: Any tile a player has discarded before is 100% safe against that player.
Temporary furiten: The tile the player on your left discards is 100% against all players that turn. The tile the player across from you discards is 100% safe against the rightmost player.
Permanent furiten: After a player declares riichi, any tile anyone discards is safe against that riichi player.

2. It makes it much harder to target other players.

Because discard furiten exists, players cannot skip a tsumo win in order to ron another player.
Because temporary and permanent furiten exist, players must take the first ron or enter some form of furiten.

Since a non-riichi hand could change its waits every turn, temporary furiten only lasts 1 turn. For example, say Opponent A is in open tenpai. Opponent B discards 5-sou. making it safe for a turn. Opponent A could change waits to 5-sou, so even if temporary furiten lasted permanently, the 5-sou would not be safe. But, since riichi forbids changing waits, permanent furiten lasts until the end of the hand.

Example

Example discard pile
2-pin in this discard applies furiten to the example hand

Waiting for:

This hand waits on three different tiles. If the player has a 2-pin in their discard pile, then the hand is in furiten and may not win by ron on any tile. Even if a 5-pin or 8-pin gets discarded by an opponent, ron may not be called.

Strategy

Defense

Main article: Defense

The furiten rule is essential for defensive play. As mentioned in the Reasoning section, any tile that would invoke furiten to a player is 100% safe against that player:

Discard furiten: Any tile that an opponent discarded is 100% against them.
Permanent furiten: After an opponent declares riichi, any tile anyone discards is 100% safe against that riichi player.
Temporary furiten: Any tile that the player to your left has discarded this turn is 100% safe against every player for this turn only.

Suji is a technique that is related to furiten. When a tile is suji, a hand cannot have a ryanmen wait (2-sided wait; the most common type of wait) for that tile without being in furiten.

Working with furiten

Sometimes, players may need to enter a furiten tenpai:

The best tile efficiency discards can occasionally cause furiten (e.g., discard a lone 1-sou, draw a 3-sou then 2-sou.).
When defending and developing the hand simultaneously, a furiten tenpai might occur.
Rarely, a dama hand can intentionally choose to enter furiten. In this case, the hand is in tenpai, but after a winning tile is drawn, the player declares riichi instead of a win - immediately entering furiten. This is generally done to score a yaku like pinfu or sanshoku if the point situation demands a higher value hand.

An important thing to realize is that you only enter furiten when in tenpai. Therefore, it is not bad to keep a wait that could cause furiten later. So long as the wait is completed before tenpai, there is no punishment.

Even if you do enter furiten, a 3-sided wait in furiten is still strong, and a 2-sided wait in furiten remains reasonable. When declaring riichi, a ryanmen furiten is about equal to a 1-sided regular wait; the ryanmen furiten is a bit less likely to win, but scores more due to guaranteed menzen tsumo.

Exiting furiten

To exit discard furiten, you can change the hand's wait so that it can no longer win off any of the discarded tiles. For example:

Draw:

Waiting for:

(furiten)

If the hand had discarded previously, it would be in furiten. By drawing and discarding , it now waits on and . Thus, the hand is no longer waiting on , and is no longer in furiten.

References

↑ Furiten-ron chombo (M.League 24-25, Sep.27 #2, South 2 Round 1 honba, North seat)

External links

振聴

Furiten in Japanese Wikipedia

[1] Furiten-ron chombo (M.League 24-25, Sep.27 #2, South 2 Round 1 honba, North seat)

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[Image:Furiten.png|right|thumb|250px|[http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2012110112gm-0009-7447-14ec5c8d&tw=0&ts=4 Baiman tenpai], in furiten due to 9-sou in discard.  Ron cannot be called here.]]
-'''Furiten''' {{kana|振聴}} is a restriction applied to winning hands.  While in furiten, the player loses the ability to declare a win on a player's [[ron|discard]] (ron).  However, the hand can still win by [[tsumo|self-draw]] (tsumo) given valid [[yaku]].  A hand in a [[tenpai]] state has a set of possible tile(s) for winning.  Primarily, the hand is marked as furiten, if any tile in that set is in the player's own discard.  Other cases involving riichi and temporary furiten are also applicable.
+While a player's hand is in '''furiten''' {{kana|振聴}}, they cannot declare a win on another player's [[ron|discard]] (i.e., they cannot [[ron]]). They are still allowed to win with their own draw ([[tsumo]]), assuming the hand is valid.
-Furiten is translated as '''sacred discard''' in Chinese.  In consequence, English terminology had made this the equivalent.  However, this translation bears no relation to the Japanese term ({{kana|振り聴牌}}: thrown-away tenpai).
+The most common way to enter furiten is from discards: if a player had previously discarded a tile that their hand could now win with, their hand is considered furiten. Furiten is also caused when a player skips a win.
-== Rule statement ==
+This rule is often used for [[defense]]: any tile a player discards is [[genbutsu|100% safe]] against that player.
-A hand in tenpai is in furiten in any of the following scenarios:
-* At least one winning tile is in one's own discard pile.
+== Rule overview ==
-* The hand is declared [[riichi]] and a winning tile is not claimed.
+[[Image:Furiten ron MLeague.png|right|250px|thumb|Furiten ron with a 5-sided wait in [[M.League]] invoking [[chombo]].<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQ102K4Kl8w&t=260 Furiten-ron chombo] (M.League 24-25, Sep.27 #2, South 2 Round 1 honba, North seat)</ref>]]
-* If the hand is not declared riichi, another player dicards a tile, and the winning tile is not claimed, then it can be in temporary furiten until the next turn.
-While in furiten, the hand is unable to call ron upon a discard.  However, it is still winnable via self-draw, assuming the hand has valid yaku.
+While the hand is in furiten, the player is unable to call ron off any tile, but they can win by [[tsumo]] ''if'' the hand has valid [[yaku]].
-=== Common case ===
+A hand in [[tenpai]] is in furiten in any of the following scenarios:
+* When at least one of the hand's current winning tiles have been discarded by you before, the hand enters furiten.
+** A tile does not have to be physically in your discard pile to invoke furiten. If an opponent [[naki|called]] on your discarded tile, said tile will still trigger furiten.
+* After declaring [[riichi]], if the first winning tile is skipped, the hand permanently enters furiten.
+* When not in riichi, when a winning tile is skipped, the hand enters temporary furiten. This furiten lasts until the player's next discard.
-{{Discard pile
+A "winning tile" is any tile that could complete a "4 groups + 1 pair" winning shape (or [[chiitoitsu]] / [[kokushi musou]]), ''even if the hand could not actually win because it would lack yaku''.
-|align    = right
-|title    = Example discard pile
-|tilerow1 = 1s6527z7s
-|tilerow2 = 23p3s6z4s1m
-|tilerow3 = 4z
-|source   = 2-pin in this discard applies furiten to the example hand
-}}
-The most common case of furiten involves a player's own discard.  If a winning tile is in a player's discard, then the hand is in furiten.
+Note that, when in furiten, the hand is unable to win off ''any'' discard; the tile that "caused" furiten is irrelevant. For example, if your hand is waiting to win with 2p and 5p, and you had discarded 2p before, you are unable to win off an opponent's 5p.
-All of a player's discards can be checked at any time during play, by looking at their discard pools and the rotated tiles in other players' tile calls. This leads to the most basic strategy to avoid dealing into a player's hand: tiles they have already discarded are guaranteed safe against a ron call from that player.
+=== Discard furiten ===
+Discard furiten, the most common form of furiten, occurs when a player's own winning tile has been discarded before. A hand can escape this type of furiten by changing its waits.
-During hand development, it is important to bear furiten in mind. Most of the time, if a hand gets to tenpai and is furiten at that point, it indicates that the hand was inefficiently developed. This is not always the case, as sometimes a player makes a tactically correct decision and finds themselves in furiten anyway.
+Because discard furiten exists, any tile a player has discarded is 100% safe against that player. Even if the player is waiting on that tile, they cannot ron (as they'd be in furiten).
-The most common reason for furiten, however, is when a player is already tenpai with an open hand, and does not have a guaranteed yaku. While they may have a winning tile that provides them with a yaku, if that draw another tile which completes the hand without a yaku, then they will be forced into furiten on the next discard. This most commonly occurs with a [[shanpon]] wait, one pair of which would give [[yakuhai]], or with a [[ryanmen]] wait on 14 or 69 on a hand that would otherwise complete [[tanyao]].
+It is important to bear furiten in mind when developing a hand. If a hand gets to tenpai and is furiten, it may have been inefficiently developed. This is not always the case, however, as a player can make a correct decision but still be in furiten.
-Finally, a player considering a [[daburu riichi|double riichi]] should carefully inspect their hand before discarding; if they had a complete hand to begin with, then being in furiten will add insult to the injury of having [[http://osamuko.com/delicious-riichi-button-must-click-it/ passed]] on a [[tenhou and chiihou|tenhou or chiihou tsumo]].
+A hand with no guaranteed yaku - a state known as [[atozuke]] - is particularly susceptible to furiten. When a hand is in atozuke, only some winning tiles would result in having a yaku. If a non-yaku winning tile is obtained, the hand is unable to win, and forced to enter discard furiten. Atozuke often occurs with:
+*A [[shanpon]] wait, with one tile completing a [[yakuhai]] triplet, and the other having no yaku.
-'''Example tenpai hand'''
+*A [[ryanmen]] wait on 14 or 69 on a hand that would otherwise complete [[tanyao]].
-:{{machi
-|pattern      = 77m34567p678s777z
-|tilewaits    = 258p
-}}
-This hand waits on three different tiles. If the player has a 2-pin in their discard pile, then the hand is in furiten and may not win by ron on any tile. Even if a 5-pin or 8-pin gets discarded by an opponent, ron may not be called.
 === Temporary furiten ===
 [[Image:TempFuriten.png|thumb|right|250px|Ron declined, so [http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014022617gm-0089-0000-ee8c6631&tw=2&ts=11 temporary furiten invoked] until the next own's tile draw.]]
-Any player in tenpai has the option to ignore a winning tile.  By declining a call for ron, the player then becomes temporarily furiten until their next discard. This is called '''temporary furiten''', as it expires shortly after it occurs. Although most of the time, it will apply to a discarded tile, it can also apply to a tile used to create a [[shouminkan]]. Temporary furiten cannot apply to a tile used to create an [[ankan]], as if a player can call ron on an ankan, then they have a single-sided [[kokushi musou]] wait (and even then, this is not permitted in [[Rule variations#Kokushi and chankan|all rulesets]]). If they decline a ron, then their hand is dead and cannot be completed.
-The primary purpose of the rule is to prevent a player from targeting a later player in the turn order. Once a player sees a tile discarded, they know that they can follow with the same tile and it will be safe.
+Calling a win is optional. If a non-[[riichi]] player does not ron a "winning tile" (even if a win cannot be declared due to lack of yaku), they enter temporary furiten until their next discard. Since it lasts for 1 turn, it is called temporary furiten.
+Sometimes, a player may misinterpret their waits, entering furiten in the process. Alternatively, a player may be in atozuke and a non-yaku giving tile is discarded. Otherwise, a player may intentionally skip a win, entering temporary furiten in the process. This is mainly done after [[situational analysis|point standing analysis]], such as:
-While this is often a mistake to enter temporary furiten, done by a player who does not know their waits correctly or is not paying attention, it may be done deliberately in order to achieve a higher scoring hand or to target a specific player. This becomes much more common in [[orasu]], where a player may gain little benefit from winning a hand that does not [[gyakuten|let them pass another player]]. Temporary furiten can also be entered by a player who does not have a guaranteed yaku, as described above. This is much less devastating than drawing the [[yasume]] tile, however, because it is only temporary.
+*When a player is close to [[tobi|bankrupting]], a player in 1st may want to target them in order to end the game faster.
+*When close to [[oorasu|all last]], a player may need to ron a specific player to [[gyakuten|rise up in rank]].
-Uncommonly, some rulesets [[Rule variations#Furiten|vary the rules]] by allowing a tile call made by another player to cancel temporary furiten. This variation is considered by many to be a poor one.
+In a few [[Rule variations#Furiten|rulesets]], any tile call will cancel other players' temporary furiten.
 === Permanent furiten during riichi ===
@@ Line 56: / Line 48: @@
 {{main|Riichi}}
-When a player has declared riichi, the state of temporary furiten does not expire. Per the rule of riichi, a player cannot change wait. Therefore, the hand can no longer be adjusted to escape furiten.  The only one opportunity to call ron comes from the first instance of a winning discarded tile.  If the call to win is declined, then the only option to win the hand comes via tsumo. This rule is a critical part of defense against riichi, as it means that any tiles discarded since the declaration is safe to the riichi called player.
+When a player has declared riichi, the state of temporary furiten does not expire. Therefore, if a riichi hand skips a win, it is no longer able to call ron. This is known as permanent furiten, or riichi furiten.
+Since riichi is a yaku, there is no need to worry about a lack of yaku, unless under [[ryanhan shibari]].
-A player in riichi never has to worry about [[yasume]] putting them in furiten unless they are playing with [[ryanhan shibari]]. When ryanhan shibari, a riichi without a guaranteed second yaku may be quite dangerous due to furiten.
+== Reasoning ==
+Furiten exists for two main reasons:
+. It helps players [[defense|defend]] against other player's hands:
+* Discard furiten: Any tile a player has discarded before is 100% safe against that player.
+* Temporary furiten: The tile the player on your left discards is 100% against all players that turn. The tile the player across from you discards is 100% safe against the rightmost player.
+* Permanent furiten: After a player declares riichi, any tile anyone discards is safe against that riichi player.
+. It makes it much harder to target other players.
+* Because discard furiten exists, players cannot skip a tsumo win in order to ron another player.
+* Because temporary and permanent furiten exist, players must take the first ron or enter some form of furiten.
+Since a non-riichi hand ''could'' change its waits every turn, temporary furiten only lasts 1 turn. For example, say Opponent A is in open tenpai. Opponent B discards 5-sou. making it safe for a turn. Opponent A could change waits to 5-sou, so even if temporary furiten lasted permanently, the 5-sou would not be safe. But, since riichi forbids changing waits, permanent furiten lasts until the end of the hand.
+== Example ==
+{{Discard pile
+|align    = right
+|title    = Example discard pile
+|tilerow1 = 1s6527z7s
+|tilerow2 = 23p3s6z4s1m
+|tilerow3 = 4z
+|source   = 2-pin in this discard applies furiten to the example hand
+}}
+:{{machi
+|pattern      = 77m34567p678s777z
+|tilewaits    = 258p
+}}
+This hand waits on three different tiles. If the player has a 2-pin in their discard pile, then the hand is in furiten and may not win by ron on any tile. Even if a 5-pin or 8-pin gets discarded by an opponent, ron may not be called.
 == Strategy ==
 === Defense ===
+{{main|Defense}}
-{{main|Defense}}
+The furiten rule is essential for defensive play. As mentioned in the [[#Reasoning|Reasoning]] section, any tile that would invoke furiten to a player is 100% safe against that player:
+*Discard furiten: Any tile that an opponent discarded is 100% against them.
+*Permanent furiten: After an opponent declares [[riichi]], any tile anyone discards is 100% safe against that riichi player.
+*Temporary furiten: Any tile that the player to your left has discarded this turn is 100% safe against every player for this turn only.
-The furiten rule may be applied for defensive play, which focuses on discarding [[safe tiles]]. By discarding tiles that are also visible in an opponent's discard pile, a player can avoid a ron call by that opponent.  Likewise, usage of [[suji]] and [[kabe]] may also help players deduce safe tiles, based on opponent discard.  This is applied when a player does not have any matching tiles in the hand with opponent discard; or a player may rather keep certain tiles, for the sake of developing the hand without [[betaori|tearing it apart]].
+[[Suji]] is a technique that is related to furiten. When a tile is suji, a hand cannot have a [[ryanmen]] wait (2-sided wait; the most common type of wait) for that tile without being in furiten.
 ===Working with furiten===
+Sometimes, players may need to enter a furiten tenpai:
+* The best [[tile efficiency]] discards can occasionally cause furiten (e.g., discard a lone 1-sou, draw a 3-sou then 2-sou.).
+* When defending and developing the hand simultaneously, a furiten tenpai might occur.
+* Rarely, a [[dama]] hand can intentionally choose to enter furiten. In this case, the hand is in tenpai, but after a winning tile is drawn, the player declares riichi instead of a win - immediately entering furiten. This is generally done to score a yaku like [[pinfu]] or [[sanshoku]] if the [[situational analysis|point situation]] demands a higher value hand.
+An important thing to realize is that you only enter furiten when in tenpai. Therefore, it is not bad to keep a wait that could cause furiten later. So long as the wait is completed before tenpai, there is no punishment.
+Even if you do enter furiten, a 3-sided wait in furiten is still strong, and a 2-sided wait in furiten remains reasonable. When declaring [[riichi]], a [[ryanmen]] furiten is about equal to a 1-sided regular wait; the ryanmen furiten is a bit less likely to win, but scores more due to guaranteed [[menzen tsumo]].
+===Exiting furiten===
+To exit discard furiten, you can change the hand's [[wait]] so that it can no longer win off any of the discarded tiles. For example:
-Sometimes, it may be necessary to deliberately place the hand in furiten.  Often, this is the result of developing the hand and defending simultaneously.  To escape the bind applied by furiten, then the hand's [[machi|tile wait(s)]] must simply change by adjusting and changing the tiles in the hand with subsequent tile draws.  Of course, a player may place greater expectation on tsumo to win rather than ron.
+:{{#mjt:22288m23p3456'78s}} Draw: {{#mjt:3p}} Waiting for: {{#mjt:14p}} (furiten)
-=== Furiten tsumo ===
+If the hand had discarded {{#mjt:1p}} previously, it would be in furiten. By drawing {{#mjt:3p}} and discarding {{#mjt:2p}}, it now waits on {{#mjt:3p}} and {{#mjt:8m}}. Thus, the hand is no longer waiting on {{#mjt:1p}}, and is no longer in furiten.
-Hands in furiten can still win, as furiten imposes a limit of tsumo only.  For open hands, the hand requires a valid yaku.  For closed hands, [[mentsumo]] will be acceptable or added.
+== References ==
+<references/>
 == External links ==