Ryuukyoku: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 18:31, 24 May 2024

Ryuukyoku 「流局」, or exhaustive draw, is a way of ending a hand. It occurs when all the tiles (excluding those in the dead wall) have been drawn, and no player manages to produce a winning hand. After the player with the last tile draw makes a discard, if no one claims a win, then the hand simply ends in "exhaustive draw".

After an exhaustive draw, points are exchanged based on the number of players with a tenpai hand vs those who are in noten (not tenpai). Players in tenpai reveal their hands and receive points from those in noten. Players in noten may choose to reveal their hands, but it is not required, and does not impact scoring. When playing with physical tiles, a player in tenpai may (intentionally or not) declare noten, losing out on points. Afterwards, the honba count is increased by 1.

Wind seating may or may not rotate, depending on the dealer's hand. Usually: if the dealer is in tenpai, then the wind seating remains the same. If the dealer is noten, the winds rotate. However, in some rule variations, the winds rotate even if the dealer is in tenpai.

While the term "ryuukyoku" is usually used to refer to an exhaustive draw in Japanese, on occasion this may be ambiguous, as the term technically refers to any draw (cf. tochuu ryuukoku, 「途中流局」). When ambiguity occurs, it may be referred to as tsuujou no ryuukyoku 「通常の流局」, which translates roughly as "usual kind of draw".

Nearly 40% of professional games go to an exhaustive draw due to players immediately abandoning the hand when a player declares riichi.

Summary

Unless a chombo occurs, the following happens during an exhaustive draw:

Point Exchanges

If some players are tenpai and others are not, points are exchanged. The players in noten pay a combined sum of 3000 points, split between players in tenpai. This results in the following score table:

0 players in tenpai: No points exchanged.
1 player in tenpai: All players in noten pays 1,000 points to the tenpai player.
2 players in tenpai: Each player in noten pays 1,500 points, each player in tenpai receives 1,500 points.
3 players in tenpai: The single player in noten pays 1,000 points to each player in tenpai.
4 players in tenpai: No points exchanged.

If a player qualifies for nagashi mangan, all point exchanges from tenpai are skipped. Instead, players pay a "reverse mangan tsumo" to the players with nagashi mangan. For each player with naganshi mangan, the dealer pays 4000 points and non-dealers pay 2000 points.

Any riichi bets

See the Tenpai section below for the general definition of "tenpai" used by ryuukyoku.

Seat rotation

Wind seat rotation is dependent on the dealer's hand state: tenpai or noten. If the dealer's hand is tenpai, then renchan is applied and wind seating does not rotate. If the dealer's hand is noten, then the wind seating rotates. (However, in some rule variations, the winds rotate even if the dealer is in tenpai.

Regardless of wind rotation, after an exhaustive draw, the honba count increases by 1

Tenpai

Main article: Tenpai

Tenpai is the state of the hand waiting on just one tile to claim for a win, either by draw or discard. Even if the hand does not win, it can still be awarded a small amount of points at the end of the hand, after all possible tiles are drawn and discarded. So, hands at tenpai during ryuukyoku still has some value.

is tenpai, waiting on or .

is noten.

Karaten

Main articles: Karaten and Keishiki tenpai

A hand may be in tenpai but be unable to win in the actual game. For example, all the winning tiles could've been discarded before reaching tenpai. This is known as karaten.

Whether such hands count as tenpai depends on rule variation. Under common rulesets:

A hand with no yaku counts as tenpai for ryuukyoku.
A hand in furiten counts as tenpai.
A hand with all possible winning tiles discarded (or otherwise unavailable) counts as tenpai.
A hand with all possible winning tiles in the player's own hand (see below) does not count as tenpai.

For an example of the last case:

Despite the hand being one tile away from completion, all of the possible winning tiles are in the player's own closed kan. So, instead of gaining points, the player is considered noten.

Chombo

Main article: Chombo

A player is not allowed to call a riichi without tenpai. If a player declares noten riichi, and the hand ends in ryuukyoku, the player is penalized for chombo.

No wind rotation is applied, and no point exchanges are applied. The honba count is not increased. The next hand continues as if the chombo hand did not even occur. Of course, the appropriate penalty for chombo is applied and the game continues.

Strategy

Sometimes, the ryuukyoku point exchanges is enough to determine the final position in games, especially in oorasu (the last hand). Dealers in tight point races need to take particular note about the need to attain tenpai or allow the game to end. It may be desirable to pass on a small winning hand in order to collect the payment from noten players instead.

External links

流局

Ryuukyoku in Japanese Wikipedia

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[Image:Ryuukyoku.png|thumb|right|350px|[http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014020716gm-0009-7447-c1bce130&tw=0 Point exchange at ryuukyoku].]]
-'''Ryuukyoku''' {{kana|流局}} is also known as an '''exhaustive draw'''.  Sometimes, [[haiyama|all the tiles]] aside from the [[dead wall]] are drawn; and no player manages to produce a winning hand.  The hand ends after the player with the [[haitei|last tile]] draw makes the last discard of the hand.  If no one claims a win on that discard, then the hand simply ends.  Points are exchanged based on the number of players with a [[tenpai]] hand vs those who are in [[noten]] (not tenpai).
+'''Ryuukyoku''' {{kana|流局}}, or '''exhaustive draw''', is a way of ending a hand. It occurs when [[haiyama|all the tiles]] (excluding those in the [[dead wall]]) have been drawn, and no player manages to produce a winning hand. After the player with the [[haitei|last tile]] draw makes a discard, if no one claims a win, then the hand simply ends in "exhaustive draw".
-In this case, players in tenpai' reveal their hands and receive points from those in noten.  Players in noten may choose to reveal their hands, but it is not required.  Noten hands do not affect the point exchanges, when revealed.  Though, players in tenpai are not particularly required to reveal their hands.  Instead, they may opt to declare noten, despite having a tenpai hand.  In exchange for keeping the hand hidden, a player loses points.
+After an exhaustive draw, points are exchanged based on the number of players with a [[tenpai]] hand vs those who are in noten (not tenpai). Players in tenpai reveal their hands and receive points from those in noten. Players in noten may choose to reveal their hands, but it is not required, and does not impact scoring. When playing with physical tiles, a player in tenpai may (intentionally or not) declare noten, losing out on points. Afterwards, the [[honba]] count is increased by 1.
-[[Jikaze|Wind seating]] may or may not occur depending on the [[oya|dealer's]] hand.  If the dealer is tenpai, then the wind seating does not rotate; and on the other hand, wind seating does rotate if the dealer fails to develop a tenpai hand.  Though rules may be modified to require the dealer to win the hand, rather than just simply attaining tenpai.
+[[Jikaze|Wind seating]] may or may not rotate, depending on the [[oya|dealer's]] hand. Usually: if the dealer is in tenpai, then the wind seating remains the same. If the dealer is noten, the winds rotate. However, in some [[rule variations#Agariyame|rule variations]], the winds rotate even if the dealer is in tenpai.
 While the term "ryuukyoku" is usually used to refer to an exhaustive draw in Japanese, on occasion this may be ambiguous, as the term technically refers to any draw (cf. [[tochuu ryuukoku]], {{kana|途中流局}}). When ambiguity occurs, it may be referred to as '''tsuujou no ryuukyoku''' {{kana|通常の流局}}, which translates roughly as "usual kind of draw".
@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 Nearly 40% of professional games go to an exhaustive draw due to players immediately [[betaori|abandoning the hand]] when a player declares [[riichi]].
-==Tenpai==
+==Summary==
+Unless a [[#Chombo|chombo]] occurs, the following happens during an exhaustive draw:
-{{Main|Tenpai}}
-Tenpai is the state of the hand waiting on just one tile to claim for a win, either by draw or discard.  Even if the hand does not win, it can still be awarded a small amount of points at the end of the hand, after all possible tiles are drawn and discarded.  So, hands at tenpai during ryuukyoku still has some value.
-* {{#mjt:123p456m888s1155z}} is tenpai, waiting on {{#mjt:1z}} or {{#mjt:5z}}.
-* {{#mjt:359p457m113s1277z}} is noten.
-===Point exchanges===
-If some players are tenpai and some are not, a total exchange of 3,000 points are evenly split between the players in ''tenpai'' players from the players in ''noten''.
-Point exchanges are as follows:
+===Point Exchanges===
+If some players are tenpai and others are not, points are exchanged. The players in noten pay a combined sum of 3000 points, split between players in tenpai. This results in the following score table:
 * 0 players in tenpai: No points exchanged.
 * 1 player in tenpai: All players in noten pays 1,000 points to the tenpai player.
@@ Line 32: / Line 21: @@
 * 4 players in tenpai: No points exchanged.
-Sometimes, the ryuukyoku point exchanges is enough to determine the final position in games, especially in [[oorasu]] (the last hand).  Dealers in tight point races need to take particular note about the need to attain tenpai or allow the game to end. It may be desirable to pass on a small winning hand in order to collect the payment from noten players instead.
+If a player qualifies for [[nagashi mangan]], all point exchanges from tenpai are skipped. Instead, players pay a "reverse [[mangan]] tsumo" to the players with nagashi mangan. For each player with naganshi mangan, the dealer pays 4000 points and non-dealers pay 2000 points.
-===Nagashi mangan===
+Any riichi bets
-{{main|Nagashi mangan}}
-A special case may occur where a player achieved [[nagashi mangan]].  Here, the payment exchange applied by ryuukyoku is replaced by a "reverse mangan tsumo" payment.  The dealer pays 4000, while the other two players pay 2000 each.  If the nagashi mangan is at the dealer position, then all three players pay 4000 each.
+See the [[#Tenpai|Tenpai]] section below for the general definition of "tenpai" used by ryuukyoku.
-==Seat rotation==
+===Seat rotation===
-[[Jikaze|Wind seat rotation]] is dependent on the dealer's hand state: tenpai or noten.  If the dealer's hand is tenpai, then [[renchan]] is applied and wind seating does not rotate.  If the dealer's hand is noten, then the wind seating rotates with an additional [[honba]] applied.
+[[Jikaze|Wind seat rotation]] is dependent on the dealer's hand state: tenpai or noten. If the dealer's hand is tenpai, then [[renchan]] is applied and wind seating does not rotate. If the dealer's hand is noten, then the wind seating rotates. (However, in some [[rule variations#Agariyame|rule variations]], the winds rotate even if the dealer is in tenpai.
-==Chombo==
+Regardless of wind rotation, after an exhaustive draw, the [[honba]] count increases by 1
-{{main|Chombo}}
-Seldom, a player may actually call a noten riichi and the hand ends in ryuukyoku.  Here, the player in [[riichi]] reveals a noten and is penalized for [[chombo]].  No wind rotation is applied, and no point exchanges are applied.  The honba count is not increased.  The next hand continues as if the chombo hand did not even occur.  Of course, the appropriate penalty for chombo is applied and the game continues.
+==Tenpai==
+{{Main|Tenpai}}
-== Hand progression ==
+Tenpai is the state of the hand waiting on just one tile to claim for a win, either by draw or discard.  Even if the hand does not win, it can still be awarded a small amount of points at the end of the hand, after all possible tiles are drawn and discarded.  So, hands at tenpai during ryuukyoku still has some value.
-{{main|Hanchan}}
-Often, a hand may end in a draw, where players had declared riichi.  Any leftover [[riichi]] bets on the table are placed near the counters until collected by the winner of a hand.  If the dealer is not in tenpai, then the seat winds rotate normally. If the dealer is in tenpai, the seat winds remain the same for the next hand.
+* {{#mjt:123p456m888s1155z}} is tenpai, waiting on {{#mjt:1z}} or {{#mjt:5z}}.
-The count for [[honba]] keeps track of the number of consecutive hands, by which no one has won a hand.  Every time ryuukyou or even [[tochuu ryuukyoku]] (abortive draw) occurs, this count increases by one.  Barring [[rule variations|house rules]], the count may or may not increase regarding [[chombo]].  When a non-dealer player wins a hand, the count resets back to zero.
+* {{#mjt:359p457m113s1277z}} is noten.
-== Variation ==
+===Karaten===
 [[Image:Keishiki ankan.png|right|thumb|250px|An ankan case called as [https://mahjongsoul.game.yo-star.com/?paipu=190508-4ebd32bc-71a5-4f4f-86a7-16066dfdc896_a925124703 tenpai].]]
-Variation on ryuukyoku stems from the qualification of tenpai.  Under some rules and conditions, some hands may be declared as noten instead, even if they appear to be in tenpai.
+{{Main|Karaten|Keishiki tenpai}}
+A hand may be in tenpai but be unable to win in the actual game. For example, all the winning tiles could've been discarded before reaching tenpai. This is known as [[karaten]].
+Whether such hands count as tenpai depends on rule variation. Under common rulesets:
+*A hand with no [[yaku]] counts as tenpai for ryuukyoku.
+*A hand in [[furiten]] counts as tenpai.
+*A hand with all possible winning tiles discarded (or otherwise unavailable) counts as tenpai.
+*A hand with all possible winning tiles in the player's own hand (see below) does ''not'' count as tenpai.
+For an example of the last case:
 :{{#mjt:12m567p888s11z}} {{#mjt:0z33m0z}}
-Some many consider this hand as noten, despite needing one tile for completion.  However, that one tile is one among the tiles called for a closed kan by the same player.  The hand is also [[karaten]], or impossible to complete.  All possible tiles for completion are used with the dubious [[kan]] call.  So, instead of gaining points, the player loses points at ryuukyoku.
+Despite the hand being one tile away from completion, all of the possible winning tiles are in the player's own closed [[kan]]. So, instead of gaining points, the player is considered noten.
+==Chombo==
+{{main|Chombo}}
+A player is not allowed to call a riichi without tenpai. If a player declares noten riichi, and the hand ends in ryuukyoku, the player is penalized for [[chombo]].
-:{{#mjt:123333m567p888s11z}}
+No wind rotation is applied, and no point exchanges are applied. The honba count is not increased. The next hand continues as if the chombo hand did not even occur.  Of course, the appropriate penalty for chombo is applied and the game continues.
-At some point, the hand looked like this.  As it stands, this hand is actually complete.  The kan was closed, and no [[Naki|open call]] was made. The tiles already constitute the necessary [[Mentsu|tile groups]] and the [[Jantou|pair]].  Therefore, the hand should have been properly called for a [[Agari|win]] or tsumo instead.
+==Strategy==
+Sometimes, the ryuukyoku point exchanges is enough to determine the final position in games, especially in [[oorasu]] (the last hand). Dealers in tight point races need to take particular note about the need to attain tenpai or allow the game to end. It may be desirable to pass on a small winning hand in order to collect the payment from noten players
+instead.
 ==External links==