Ryuukyoku: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 20:52, 22 September 2024

Ryuukyoku 「流局」, or exhaustive draw, is a way of ending a hand. It occurs when all the tiles (excluding those in the dead wall) have been drawn, and no player manages to produce a winning hand. After the player with the last tile draw makes a discard, if no one claims a win, then the hand simply ends in "exhaustive draw". During an exhaustive draw:

Players in tenpai reveal their hands, then receive points from players who are in noten (not tenpai).
Wind seats may rotate, depending on the dealer's hand and the ruleset. Under many rulesets, the seats rotate when the dealer is not tenpai. In others, the seats rotate regardless of the dealer tenpai status.
The honba count increases by 1.

Afterwards, a new hand starts. While the term "ryuukyoku" is usually used to refer to an exhaustive draw in Japanese, on occasion this may be ambiguous, as the term technically refers to any draw (cf. tochuu ryuukyoku, 「途中流局」). When ambiguity occurs, it may be referred to as tsuujou no ryuukyoku 「通常の流局」, which translates roughly as "usual kind of draw".

Nearly 40% of professional games go to an exhaustive draw due to players immediately abandoning the hand when a player declares riichi.

Summary

Unless a chombo occurs, the following happens during an exhaustive draw:

Point Exchanges

If some players are tenpai and others are not, points are exchanged. The players in noten pay a combined sum of 3000 points, split between players in tenpai. This results in the following score table:

0 players in tenpai: No points exchanged.
1 player in tenpai: All players in noten pays 1,000 points to the tenpai player.
2 players in tenpai: Each player in noten pays 1,500 points, each player in tenpai receives 1,500 points.
3 players in tenpai: The single player in noten pays 1,000 points to each player in tenpai.
4 players in tenpai: No points exchanged.

If a player qualifies for nagashi mangan, all point exchanges from tenpai are skipped. Instead, players pay a "mangan tsumo" to the players with nagashi mangan. The dealer pays 4000 points and other non-dealers pay 2000 points to each non-dealer with nagashi mangan; all non-dealers pay 4000 to the dealer with nagashi mangan.

Any riichi bets left on the table are saved for later rounds. The next player that wins claims all leftover riichi bets.

Players in noten are not required to reveal their hands. When playing with physical tiles, players in tenpai may (intentionally or not) declare noten, losing out on the tenpai points.

See the Tenpai section below for the general definition of "tenpai" used by ryuukyoku.

Seat rotation

Wind seat rotation is dependent on the dealer's hand state and the ruleset.

Agari renchan: Seats are kept only when the dealer wins. This means that, during an exhaustive draw, seats rotate regardless of the dealer's tenpai status.
Tenpai renchan: Seats are kept when the dealer wins, or if the dealer is tenpai at exhaustive draw. This means that, during an exhaustive draw, seats rotate only if the dealer is noten.

Regardless of wind rotation, after an exhaustive draw, the honba count increases by 1.

Tenpai

Main article: Tenpai

Tenpai is the state of the hand waiting on just one tile to claim for a win, either by draw or discard. When an exhaustive draw happens, a win is no longer possible, but a small point bonus is given.

is tenpai, waiting on or .

is noten.

Karaten

Main articles: Karaten and Keishiki tenpai

A hand may be in tenpai but be unable to win in the actual game. For example, all the winning tiles could've been discarded before reaching tenpai. This is known as karaten.

Whether such hands count as tenpai depends on rule variation. Under many rulesets:

A hand with no yaku counts as tenpai for ryuukyoku.
A hand in furiten counts as tenpai.
A hand with all possible winning tiles discarded (or otherwise unavailable) counts as tenpai.
A hand with all possible winning tiles in the player's own hand (see below) does not count as tenpai.

For an example of the last case:

Despite the hand being one tile away from completion, all of the possible winning tiles are in the player's own closed kan. So, instead of gaining points, the player is considered noten. (However, this, like the other points, is subject to rule variation.)

Chombo

Main article: Chombo

A player is not allowed to call a riichi without tenpai. If a player declares noten riichi, and the hand ends in ryuukyoku, the player is penalized for chombo.

No wind rotation is applied, and no point exchanges are applied. The honba count is not increased. The next hand continues as if the chombo hand did not even occur. Of course, the appropriate penalty for chombo is applied and the game continues.

Strategy

Sometimes, the ryuukyoku point exchanges is enough to determine the final position in games, especially in oorasu (the last hand). Dealers in tight point races need to take particular note about the need to attain tenpai or allow the game to end. It may be desirable to pass on a small winning hand in order to collect the payment from noten players instead.

External links

流局

Ryuukyoku in Japanese Wikipedia

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[Image:Ryuukyoku.png|thumb|right|350px|[http://tenhou.net/0/?log=2014020716gm-0009-7447-c1bce130&tw=0 Point exchange at ryuukyoku].]]
-'''Ryuukyoku''' {{kana|流局}} is also known as an '''exhaustive draw'''.  Sometimes, [[haiyama|all the tiles]] aside from the [[dead wall]] are drawn, and no player manages to produce a winning hand.  In this case, players in '''[[tenpai]]''' reveal their hands and receive points from those in '''noten''' (players not in tenpai).  Players in noten may choose to reveal their hands, but it is not required.  Noten hands do not affect the point exchanges, when revealed.  Though, players in tenpai are not particularly required to reveal their hands.  Instead, they may opt to declare noten, despite having a tenpai hand.  In exchange for keeping the hand hidden, a player loses points.
+'''Ryuukyoku''' {{kana|流局}}, or '''exhaustive draw''', is a way of ending a [[kyoku|hand]]. It occurs when [[haiyama|all the tiles]] (excluding those in the [[dead wall]]) have been drawn, and no player manages to produce a winning hand. After the player with the [[haitei|last tile]] draw makes a discard, if no one claims a win, then the hand simply ends in "exhaustive draw". During an exhaustive draw:
+* Players in [[tenpai]] reveal their hands, then receive points from players who are in noten (not tenpai).
+* [[Jikaze|Wind seats]] may rotate, depending on the [[dealer]]'s hand and [[Rule variations#Agariyame|the ruleset]]. Under many rulesets, the seats rotate when the dealer is not [[tenpai]]. In others, the seats rotate regardless of the dealer tenpai status.
+* The [[honba]] count increases by 1.
+Afterwards, a new hand starts. While the term "ryuukyoku" is usually used to refer to an exhaustive draw in Japanese, on occasion this may be ambiguous, as the term technically refers to any draw (cf. [[tochuu ryuukyoku]], {{kana|途中流局}}). When ambiguity occurs, it may be referred to as '''tsuujou no ryuukyoku''' {{kana|通常の流局}}, which translates roughly as "usual kind of draw".
 Nearly 40% of professional games go to an exhaustive draw due to players immediately [[betaori|abandoning the hand]] when a player declares [[riichi]].
-[[Jikaze|Wind seating]] may or may not occur depending on the [[oya|dealer's]] hand.  If the dealer is tenpai, then the wind seating does not rotate; and on the other hand, wind seating does rotate if the dealer fails to develop a tenpai hand.  Though rules may be modified to require the dealer to win the hand, rather than just simply attaining tenpai.
+==Summary==
+Unless a [[#Chombo|chombo]] occurs, the following happens during an exhaustive draw:
-While the term "ryuukyoku" is usually used to refer to an exhaustive draw in Japanese, on occasion this may be ambiguous, as the term technically refers to any draw (cf. [[tochuu ryuukoku]], {{kana|途中流局}}). When ambiguity occurs, it may be referred to as '''tsuujau no ryuukyoku''' {{kana|通常の流局}}, which translates roughly as "usual kind of draw".
+===Point Exchanges===
+If some players are tenpai and others are not, points are exchanged. The players in noten pay a combined sum of 3000 points, split between players in tenpai. This results in the following score table:
+* 0 players in tenpai: No points exchanged.
+* 1 player in tenpai: All players in noten pays 1,000 points to the tenpai player.
+* 2 players in tenpai: Each player in noten pays 1,500 points, each player in tenpai receives 1,500 points.
+* 3 players in tenpai: The single player in noten pays 1,000 points to each player in tenpai.
+* 4 players in tenpai: No points exchanged.
-==Tenpai==
+If a player qualifies for [[nagashi mangan]], all point exchanges from tenpai are skipped. Instead, players pay a "[[mangan]] tsumo" to the players with nagashi mangan. The dealer pays 4000 points and other non-dealers pay 2000 points to each non-dealer with nagashi mangan; all non-dealers pay 4000 to the dealer with nagashi mangan.
-{{Main|Tenpai}}
+Any [[riichi]] bets left on the table are saved for later rounds. The next player that wins claims all leftover riichi bets.
-Tenpai is the state of the hand waiting on just one tile to claim for a win, either by draw or discard.  Even if the hand does not win, it can still be awarded a small amount of points at the end of the hand, after all possible tiles are drawn and discarded.  So, hands at tenpai during ryuukyoku still has some value.
+Players in noten are not required to reveal their hands. When playing with physical tiles, players in tenpai may (intentionally or not) declare noten, losing out on the tenpai points.
-* {{#mjt:123p456m888s1155z}} is tenpai, waiting on {{#mjt:1z}} or {{#mjt:5z}}.
+See the [[#Tenpai|Tenpai]] section below for the general definition of "tenpai" used by ryuukyoku.
-* {{#mjt:359p457m113s1277z}} is noten.
+===Seat rotation===
+[[Jikaze|Wind seat rotation]] is dependent on the dealer's hand state and the ruleset.
-===Point exchanges===
+* Agari [[renchan]]: Seats are kept only when the dealer wins. This means that, during an exhaustive draw, seats rotate regardless of the dealer's tenpai status.
+* Tenpai [[renchan]]: Seats are kept when the dealer wins, or if the dealer is tenpai at exhaustive draw. This means that, during an exhaustive draw, seats rotate only if the dealer is noten.
-If some players are tenpai and some are not, a total exchange of 3,000 points are evenly split between the players in ''tenpai'' players from the players in ''noten''.
+Regardless of wind rotation, after an exhaustive draw, the [[honba]] count increases by 1.
-Point exchanges are as follows:
+==Tenpai==
+{{Main|Tenpai}}
-* 0 players in tenpai: No points exchanged.
+Tenpai is the state of the hand waiting on just one tile to claim for a win, either by draw or discard. When an exhaustive draw happens, a win is no longer possible, but a small point bonus is given.
-* 1 player in tenpai: All players in noten pays 1,000 points to the tenpai player.
-* 2 players in tenpai: Each player in noten pays 1,500 points, each player in tenpai receives 1,500 points.
-* 3 players in tenpai: The single player in noten plays 1,000 points to each player in tenpai.
-* 4 players in tenpai: No points exchanged.
-When no players are in tenpai, then the [[Jikaze|wind seating]] rotates.  When all players are tenpai, then the wind seating does not rotate.  For the other three cases, wind rotation is dependent on the dealer being tenpai or not.  When a ryuukyoku occurs, a [[honba]] is added to the count for the next hand, with two exception: when a player in [[riichi]] reveals a noten and is penalized for [[chombo]] and, in some variations of the [[nagashi mangan]] rule, when a player successfully completes nagashi mangan.
+* {{#mjt:123p456m888s1155z}} is tenpai, waiting on {{#mjt:1z}} or {{#mjt:5z}}.
-Sometimes, the ryuukyoku point exchanges is enough to determine the final position in games, especially in [[oorasu]] (the last hand).  Dealers in tight point races need to take particular note about the need to attain tenpai or allow the game to end. It may be desirable to pass on a small winning hand in order to collect the payment from noten players instead.
+* {{#mjt:359p457m113s1277z}} is noten.
-== Hand progression ==
+===Karaten===
-{{main|Hanchan}}
+[[Image:Keishiki ankan.png|right|thumb|250px|An ankan case called as [https://mahjongsoul.game.yo-star.com/?paipu=190508-4ebd32bc-71a5-4f4f-86a7-16066dfdc896_a925124703 tenpai] in [[Majsoul]].]]
+{{Main|Karaten|Keishiki tenpai}}
+A hand may be in tenpai but be unable to win in the actual game. For example, all the winning tiles could've been discarded before reaching tenpai. This is known as [[karaten]].
-Often, a hand may end in a draw, where players had declared riichi.  Any leftover [[riichi]] bets on the table are placed near the counters until collected by the winner of a hand.  If the dealer is not in tenpai, then the seat winds rotate normally. If the dealer is in tenpai, the seat winds remain the same for the next hand.
+Whether such hands count as tenpai depends on rule variation. Under many rulesets:
+*A hand with no [[yaku]] counts as tenpai for ryuukyoku.
+*A hand in [[furiten]] counts as tenpai.
+*A hand with all possible winning tiles discarded (or otherwise unavailable) counts as tenpai.
+*A hand with all possible winning tiles in the player's own hand (see below) does ''not'' count as tenpai.
-The count for [[honba]] keeps track of the number of consecutive hands, by which no one has won a hand.  Every time ryuukyou or even [[tochuu ryuukyoku]] (abortive draw) occurs, this count increases by one.  Barring [[rule variations|house rules]], the count may or may not increase regarding [[chombo]].  When a non-dealer player wins a hand, the count resets back to zero.
+For an example of the last case:
-== Variation ==
+:{{#mjt:12m567p888s11z}} {{#mjt:0z33m0z}}
-Variation on ryuukyoku stems from the qualification of tenpai.  Under some rules and conditions, hands appear to be in tenpai will be declared as noten instead.
+Despite the hand being one tile away from completion, all of the possible winning tiles are in the player's own closed [[kan]]. So, instead of gaining points, the player is considered noten. (However, this, like the other points, is subject to rule variation.)
-:{{#mjt:12m567p888s11z}} {{#mjt:0z33m0z}}
+==Chombo==
+{{main|Chombo}}
-Some many consider this hand as noten, despite needing one tile for completion.  So, instead of gaining points, the player loses points at ryuukyoku.  The hand is also [[karaten]], or impossible to complete.  All possible tiles for completion are used with the dubious [[kan]] call.
+A player is not allowed to call a riichi without tenpai. If a player declares noten riichi, and the hand ends in ryuukyoku, the player is penalized for [[chombo]].
-:{{#mjt:123333m567p888s11z}}
+No wind rotation is applied, and no point exchanges are applied. The honba count is not increased. The next hand continues as if the chombo hand did not even occur.  Of course, the appropriate penalty for chombo is applied and the game continues.
-At some point, the hand looked like this.  As it stands, this hand is actually complete.  The kan was closed, and no [[Naki|open call]] was made. The tiles already constitute the necessary [[Mentsu|tile groups]] and the [[Jantou|pair]].  Therefore, the hand should have been properly called for a [[Agari|win]] or tsumo instead.
+==Strategy==
+Sometimes, the ryuukyoku point exchanges is enough to determine the final position in games, especially in [[oorasu]] (the last hand). Dealers in tight point races need to take particular note about the need to attain tenpai or allow the game to end. It may be desirable to pass on a small winning hand in order to collect the payment from noten players
+instead.
 ==External links==